■2o() DAVKNI'OIIT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIKXCES. 



The bihliograpliy to which Mr. Putnam liad devoted a great deal of time, 

 has been carried out on the plan indicated in his notes and in the portion 

 already prepared, and the burden of its completion has fallen upon Miss 

 Julia E. Sanders, whose faithful and efficient labor deserves the highest com- 

 mendation. 



The effort has been tliroughout to give everything word for word as Mr. 

 Putnam left it, and in case of any gap to make no attempt to fill it. consid- 

 ering that any modification would be to mar the work. 



Where insertions have seemed absolutely necessary they have been 

 made in broad-faced brackets. 



The plates which have been prepared from his original drawings are in- 

 tended to represent exactly line for line, his work as he left it. though some 

 of the large cameia drawings are necessarily reduced in size, and it has of 

 (•o\irse l)een necessaiy to alter the original grouping in some cases in order 

 to arrange them in plates. The fidelity of their reproduction is assured 

 from the tact that the engraving has been under the supervision of Dr. H. 

 A. Hagen. ol' Harvard University. 



Herbert Osborn. 



Davenport, Nov. 20, 1882. 



Notes on the Solpujfidap of America. 



HY .1. m'NC'AN PUTNAM, DAVENPORT, IOWA. 



The Sid/nigidm or (Tdhodides constitute a very distinct group of 

 Arachnida, and may be easily recognized by tlie elongated, some- 

 what cylindrical, segmented body, with the liead, thorax and abdo- 

 men forming separate regions as in insects. The upper surface of 

 the head forms an arched, shield-like plate, bearing two eyes on a 

 prominence at the center of the anterior edge. Projecting from the 

 fiont are two immense clawed falces, armed in a remarkable manner 

 with teeth, sjiines, hairs and brushes. Projecting from the head be- 

 tween the falces is the elongated compressed mouth with several 

 appendages, the true nature of which is not at present well under- 

 stood. The maxilla? are subtriangular in foi-iii with an aj^ophysis 

 projecting forward. They each give rise to a large cylindrical pal- 

 pus furnished, in both sexes, with a soft retractile organ at the end. 

 The first pair of feet (so called) are very slender, without claws, and 

 are used as pal])i rather than as feet. Their coxae are closely united 

 with the maxillae, and with these and a narrow grooved sternum 

 form the lower surface of the head. The remaining six feet are used 

 for walking and are attached to the three thoracic segments, of which 

 their immovable coxa' form the base. They increase in size poste- 

 riorly and are each furnished \n\h two long slender claws, each ter- 

 minated with a movable nail. On the basal joints of each of the last 

 pair of feet are fine stalked appendages resembling a battledore in 



