STATE HORTICULTUHAL SOCIETY. 301 



ally use two parts of resin, one ounce beeswax, one ounce of tal- 

 low, melted together, poured into water to cool, and when cool 

 enough worked with the hand, well greased to prevent sticking. 

 If the weather is so cold when used that it will not spread, it may 

 be brought to the right consistency by keeping it in a bucket of 

 warm water. 



PROPAGATION BY BUDDING. 



Among the various methods of propagating varieties of fruits, 

 no one is more simple or easily performed than budding. The 

 operation is performed during the growing season, and usually 

 upon trees having smooth, soft bark, and from one to five or six 

 years old, but may be successfully performed ujjon trees of any 

 age that are thrifty. For older trees grafting is a preferable 

 method. 



The operation consists in separating a bud with a portion of 

 bark attached (see figure 9) from a shoot of the current season's 

 growth, and inserting it below the bark of another tree or shoot 

 and tying it in place with a string of baste matting, cotton or 

 wool. When the bud begins to grow all that part of the tree or 

 branch above the bud is cut away, so from the budded point up 

 the tree will produce the same variety of fruit as that from which 

 the bud was taken. 



The season for budding in this region is between the middle 

 of Jnly and the first of September, the time depending upon the 

 S]3ecies and conditions of growth. Any variety that completes 

 its growth early in the season, should be worked early, and such 

 as continue to grow late in the autumn may be worked much 

 later. Buds may be inserted in June (or as early as the bark 

 will part freely from the wood), by taking the bud from cions 

 cut the previous fall and kept dormant, but fresh while they are 

 to be used ; they will make considerable growth the same season, 

 but this is hardly desirable except with varieties that are scarce. 

 In my practice I have found them inclined to continue their 

 growth later into the autumn and thus they do not get ripened 

 up as well for enduring the following winter. When done in 

 the proper season, the buds remain dormant until the following 

 spring. 



To make budding a perfect success, certain conditions have 

 become necessary. First, the buds must be perfectly developed 

 in the axils of the leaves upon the young shoots intended to bud 



