STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 385 



The next important step is deep planting, thorough cultiva- 

 tion, careful pruning and winter protection. I am of the opinion 

 that more failures in grape-growing can be attributed to shallow 

 planting and lack of winter protection than any other cause. 

 You cannot injure grape vines nor rob them of their surface roots 

 by deep planting, for they will always throw out surface roots, 

 and these roots are often winter killed. Thus you can readily 

 see the advantage of deep planting for the original roots, which 

 are deep down, will remain uninjured and your vines will start 

 off vigorously in the spring, and in the summer, with good cul- 

 tivation, they will throw out another supply of surface roots. 



The best black grapes in their order named are Worden, 

 Moore's Early, Concord, Cottage, Telegra^jh, Ives Seedling and 

 Janesville White Grape, Lady, Pocklington, Elvira, Lady Wash- 

 ington and Martha; the most promising new white grape, Empire 

 State. 



RED GRAPES. 



Agawam, Roger's No. 15, Salem, Roger's ^o. 22 or 53, and 

 Dracut Amber. In new red grapes the Woodruff Eed. 



Prof. Budd speaks in the most flattering terms of Haskell's 

 Seedling Xo. 234 as being a valuable red grape. 



My recommendation here of Worden and Moore's Early may 

 be critical. I have not done this until after a careful trial of five 

 years in the same vineyard with the same treatment. The Wor- 

 den is froni one week to ten days earlier than the Concord, and 

 will produce from one-third to one-half more fruit of decidedly 

 better flavor. It is as hardy as the Concord. 



Moore's Early is a strong, robust grower, not quite so prolific 

 as the Concord, but ten days to two weeks earlier, quality very 

 much like the Concord. 



Cottage is a good grape of the Concord type, ripening ten days 

 eailier than the Concord, and is better in quality, but not so 

 prolific as the Worden. 



Telegraph has been underestimated. It should be planted in 

 every collection. The vine is very vigorous, with large, dark 

 foliage, very productive, large, compact clusters, ripens a few 

 days later than Moore's Early. 



Ives»Seedliug" is one of the strongest growing varieties of the 

 Labrusca family; productive, early fruit, in quality only fair; 

 the strongest rooting variety known. Hence it makes the best 

 root on which to graft the more delicate growers. 

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