•296 ANNUAL REPORT 



Fia. 2. Fig. 3. 



Fig. 2 shows the process of pinchiug or trimming the laterals. 

 Unless extra nice bunches are wanted, the second pinching will gen- 

 erally be sufficient. The ground should be cultivated thorougly dur- 

 ing the summer. In the fall the vines should be pruned back, leav- 

 ing about two-thirds of its length, and prune off all the laterals. A 

 bunch or two of fruit may be ripened this year without harm. 



THIRD YEAR. 



In the spring of the third year the vineyard should be trellised. 

 This can be done best before the vines are uncovered. The posts 

 should be seven feet long, so that when they are set in the ground 

 they will be five feet above and two feet under ground. They should 

 be driven in twelve or sixteen feet apart. Four wires are required for 

 a first-class trellis. The lowest wire should be placed eighteen inches 

 from the ground and the others fourteen inches apart. The size of 

 wire to use is No. 12 galvanized. The wire should be fastened to the 

 posts with staples, leaving room for it to play, so that it can be tight- 

 ened in the spring. After the trellis is finished the vines may be taken 

 up and tied to the lower wire, all being trained in the same direction. 

 The string used by many for this purpose is bag twine; it comes in 

 packages of about ten pounds. Care should be taken not to tie the 

 vines so tightly to the wire as to stop the free circulation of the sap 

 and thus impair the growth. The vineyard should then be plowed, 

 throwing the dirt from the vines, and spaded under the wires three or 

 four inches deep with a pronged spade. VVhen the shoots have grown 

 from four to six inches, so that the difference in their vigor of growth 

 can be seen, then thin them out, saving the strongest and not allow- 

 ing them to grow nearer together than six to ten inches. As a rule, 

 two shoots should not be allowed to grow from the same bud. When 

 they have grown long enough to reach, they should be tied to the 

 next wire. The laterals growing from the new shoots should be 

 pinched off the same as the direction for the previous year. When 

 the new shoots have grown to the top wire, they should be pinched off 

 at the extremity. 



The vineyard should be cultivated and hoed frequently throughout 



