372 ANNUAL REPORT 



214. Garden. Tree same as last; killed back four inches; good 

 growth the past season, 



44M. Sandy Glass. Weak during summer, but made a growth of 

 twenty-eight inches during the season. 



304. Switzer. Killed back six inches; good growth of twenty-five 

 inches. 



4M. Ostrokofi's Glass. Killed back one inch; good healthy 

 growth of twenty-six inches. 



Duchess. Of fifty-two Duchess trees planted in the spring of 1885, 

 at the same time and in the same orchard with the foregoing lists of 

 Russians, half are dead and of the remainder the new growth killed 

 back almost as bad as did Antonovka. The average growth of these 

 trees in 1887 was sixteen inches. In another orchard^ which stands 

 on a northeast slope and is well protected on the south and west by 

 an oak grove, the Duchess killed back but little. 



REMARKS. 



Of the sixty-five varieties noted, not one started growth from ter- 

 minal buds in the spring of 1887. Those which killed back one inch 

 or less, and which, in such situations as are ordinarily chosen for 

 orchards, may fairly be presumed to bo perfectly hardy in this latitude 

 are Green Streaked, Veronesh Reinette, Flat Voronish, Koursk Anis, 

 Pointed Pipka, Titus, Gruchevka, Red Pipka, Aport Orient, Arkad, 

 Yellow Calville, Heidhorn, Gipsy Girl (56 Vor.), Blushed Calville, 

 Hibernal and OstrokoflF's Glass. 



It is not fair to assert, however, that the remainder of the list is too 

 tender for culture in Minnesota; nor, on the other hand, can entire 

 hardiness be claimed for the above list. 



The foregoing notes merely tell the action of the varieties named 

 under certain conditions, and so far as location is concerned, it 

 should be borne in mind that these conditions were decidedly the 

 most severe that could be chosen. 



A comparison of the foregoing list with the Duchess will prove in- 

 teresting. While the average of the Duchess trees did not stand the 

 winter much, if any, better than Antonovka, which killed back to old 

 wood, there were a few trees that produced good growth from buds 

 near the base of the one-year-old branches, and averaging twenty-two 

 inches in length. The Duchess seems to have in an unusual degree 

 the power of recovery from winter injury, and it may be that many 

 other Russians will develop the same quality. The Duchess has long 



