368 ANNUAL, REPORT 



While a safer method is to inject water into the hole and drown 

 the grub or by running a copper wire in and probing about until 

 you have killed him. 



CODLING MOTH. 



ISTow we come to the codling moth which is more high-toned 

 than his fellow knaves, and for his part takes the fruit itself. If 

 we want apples that will sell, and such as we would wish to eat, 

 apples perfect and uniform in size, we must fight the codling 

 moth. JSTow while this moth or its young could do more dam- 

 age than all the other pests combined, still the method to prevent 

 its ravages is the most simple of all. Take a barrel of water and 

 into this stir one-half pound of Paris green. With this mixture 

 sprinkle the trees just as the blossoms are beginning to fall and 

 repeat in about two weeks. Use about a pailful to an average 

 sized tree. 



When the orchard has become old enough not to be hurt by 

 hogs turn a few in. They will eat all the rotten and poor apples 

 that fall to the gronnd, keep the soil rich and well stirred up, 

 and also keep the weeds down. But never let cattle into the or- 

 chard as they will do more damage in one day than you could 

 remedy in a year. 



All worms' nests found among the branches of the trees should 

 be removed and the worms killed, which may be done by placing 

 the nest on something firm and stamjDing upon it with the heel 

 of the boot. 



PROTECTION. 



You must begin to look to the protection of your trees from 

 the time they are planted. Plant a good windbreak of ever- 

 greens all about the site chosen. For this purpose the Ameri- 

 can White Spruce fills the bill. It not only makes a fine, solid 

 bottom, but its top is generally close, and if the trees be planted 

 six feet apart, in fifteen years from time of planting they will 

 form a solid breastwork, six feet through and twenty-five feet 

 high against the snow and wind. The trees next best suited for 

 this purpose rank in the following order: Norway spruce, 

 Scotch pine, white pine, etc. If nothing else can be had willows 

 are better than nothing j also any of the deciduous trees. But 

 do not plant them so they will stand less than four rods from the 

 apple trees. If nearer, the snow lodged will break the trees 



