HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 381 



a corn marker, then with a shovel plow run one way. The far- 

 row is made deep enough for planting and the plants placed three 

 feet apart and a little earth drawn around them and firmed to hold 

 them in place; then the furrow is filled from each side with a 

 small plow. The land is thoroughly cultivated both ways duriug 

 the growing season aud the plants topped at two feet high to 

 cause them to throw out laterals; in the following spring these 

 laterals should be cut back to six inches long. The land may be 

 cultivated until the berries begin to form and again after the 

 fruit is picked. The second year pinch the tops off at about 

 three feet high. Cultivation should be the same as the previous 

 season. By planting deep and pinching off the tips the canes 

 grow stronger and are self-supporting, thus doing away with the 

 old practice of tying to stakes and wires which was both labori- 

 ious and costly. Pinch the canes while young and tender. I 

 can use both hands and get along very fast. The canes are not 

 all ready at the same time; it is necessary to go over the ground 

 twice; if the canes get too large, use a knife; treat suckers between 

 the rows as you would weeds unless you want plants; cut them 

 out when young and tender; sprouts or suckers are great annoy- 

 ances. In growing red raspberries if taken in time they are easily 

 kept down. Easpberries should be kept in hills; this can be 

 done by cutting away with a sharp hoe all sprouts between the 

 hills and the rows, allowing from three to six canes to the hill. 

 For home market all things considered the Turner has given us 

 the most money; its large size and its bright color makes it sell 

 readily at good prices. Philadelphia is an old variety, hardy, 

 and very prolific; the fruit is soft and dark colored, second qual- 

 ity, but grown in large quantities owing to its great productive- 

 ness. The Cuthbert is very popular, selling for better prices 

 than any other on the market. It is not hardy, must have good 

 winter protection or it will kill back to the ground. Gregg and 

 Nemaha have done best; cultivation should be the same as for 

 the reds. 



Eed raspberries should be picked in pint boxes; twenty-four 

 to the crate makes the handiest and neatest package to ship or 

 handle. 



Getting our berries picked is the most difficult part of the 

 whole business to handle. Good hands are scarce and earn good 

 wages in the height of the berry season. We are often obliged 

 to get along with a very poor class of pickers. We use a stand, 

 with a handle, holding four boxes; each picker is given a stand 



