THE MICROSCOPE. 195 
The Papille Foliate.—The exposed surfaces of these papille 
are somewhat flattened. ach papilla consists of five bulb-bearing 
folds, possessing the same general appearance, but varying some- 
what in size. The furrows separating the folds are quite narrow, 
with a nearly uniform breadth throughout, and have an average 
depth of about 0.5mm The folds are for the most part simple in 
construction. Each one bears secondary papille at its upper part, 
the depressions between which are filled by the epithelium. Serous 
glands and ducts are abundant, aud the latter discharge into the fur- 
rows at different levels. (The foliate papilla is shown in figs. 3 and 
4.) The taste bulbs of this area are, asa rule, restricted to the 
lower two-thirds of the folds, although occasionally they completely 
fill the sides of a fold. They are usually arranged in eight tiers, 
though there may be more. Judging from horizontal sections, the 
number of bulbs in each lateral gustatory organ is about eleven 
hundred. 
The Fungiform Papille.—These papille commonly bear a 
single taste-bulb at their upper part. The bulb usually lies verti- 
cally, directly in the long axis of the papilla, with its apex penetrat- 
ing (but not invariably perforating) the outer homogeneous layers 
of stratified pavement epithelium, and its base resting in a depres- 
sion of the mucosa. The bulbs of this region are somewhat pyri- 
form in shape, and measure 0.051 mm. in length, their greatest 
transverse diameter being 0.025 mm. 
At the lower part of the posterior surface of the epiglottis I 
found a few isolated bulbs embedded in the stratified epithelium. 
The apices of these bulbs fail to pierce the superficial strata of the 
epithelium, and their bases but rarely touch the mucosa. They 
measure from 0.039 to 0.048 mm. in length and are 0.030 mm. in 
breadth. Small mucous glands are very abundant in this region, 
and their ducts, which are numerous, quite straight and more or 
less parallel, perforate the epithelium and open on the posterior sur- 
face. No ducts were observed communicating with the anterior 
surface of the epiglottis. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE—REFERENCE LETTERS. 
b., bulb; d. l., deep lamina of epithelium; f, furrow; fd., fold 
of the papilla; f.s., free surface of the epithelium; gl., serous 
gland; gl. d., duct of serous gland; m., mucosa; st. m., striated 
muscle-fibres; s. /., superficial lamina of epithelium; s. p., secondary 
papillee; ¢., trench; ¢. b., taste-bulb. 
Fig. 1 x 40. Vertical section through one of the circumvallate 
papille. 
