THE MICROSCOPE. 233 
in the liver, kidneys, and pericardial and peritoneal fluids. In some 
cases of pericarditis, peritonitis and abscess of the liver, the 
diplococci were very abundant. JInoculations of sputa, or of pure 
cultures in their veins, in the peritoneum, or under the skin, never 
caused pneumonia; pneumonia occurred only when the inoculations 
were made through the lungs. The disease was first local, and then 
became general. 
The most recent review of this subject has been made by 
Sternberg.* 
Most writers agree as to the identity of the Micrococcus 
Pasteuri (Eteneberg), Streptococcus lanceolatus Pasteuri (Gamaléia), 
and the diplococcus, or bacillus, of Frankel. If, then, this organ- 
ism is found in the buccal secretion of healthy individuals, how do 
sO many escape attacks of pneumonia? In the light of recent 
studies made by Metschinkoff,; Baumgarten,{ Osler § and others, it 
is more than probable that the phagocytes in a healthy individual, 
having healthy movements, are able to seize and assimilate the 
invading organism, and it is only when an individual is not well, when - 
the phagocytes lose the power to battle against the specific organism 
of pneumonia from prolonged exposure to cold, that pneumonia sets 
in. The question of repeated attacks, or of immunity from second 
attacks, will not be considered here. 
Personally, I have had a very limited experience in the experi- 
mental study of pneumonia. At the John Hopkins Bacteriological 
Laboratory I have isolated Frankel’s diplococcus from the blood and 
tissue of rabbits killed with Dr. Sternberg’s saliva. I have also 
obtained the same organism from animals killed with prune-juice 
expectoration. The results of this work, just begun, will form the 
result of a later paper. 
Battimore, Mp. 
Pror. C. H. Srowretx, formerly one of the editors of Tue 
Microscopg, has resigned the Chair of Histology and Microscopy at 
the University of Michigan, and has taken up his residence in 
Washington, D. C., where he will enter into the practice of 
medicine. 
THe Chair of Pathology and that of Histology in the Medical 
Department of the University of Michigan, have been consolidated, 
and Prof. Heneage Gibbes will occupy it. 
* Loc. citat. 
+ Virchow’s Archiv., Vol. XCVII, ete. 
+ Zeitschrift f. Klin. Medicin, Bd. XV, H I and II. 
§ New York Medical Record, April 13, 1889. 
