190 ANNUAL REPORT 



11. Calopogon pulchellus. Grass Pink. — E. Brown. A beauti- 

 ful flower belonging to the orchis family. It grows from a bulb 

 like an onion. Flowers are pink purple one inch broad. The 

 structure is very curious and not easily described. The plant is 

 about one foot high and two to six flowerd. Leaves are grass-like. 

 Along with the Grass Pink is found the 



12. Pogonia ophioglossoides.-Nuttall. Resembles the preced- 

 ing. The flower is less spreading, single, or two to a stalk, nodding 

 and a light pink-purple, one inch long. Plant about nine inches 

 high, with a single smooth leaf about midway of the stem. 



13. Linnsea borealis. — Gronovius. Twin Flower, named and 

 dedicated to the immortal Linnseus, and I believe the only flower 

 that bears his name. Modest but beautiful, fragrant, a trailing ev- 

 ergreen with rounded oval leaves. Peduncles three inches high 

 forking into the pedicels, each bearing a bell-shaped flower, purple 

 and whitish, hkiry inside, stamens four, two shorter, calyx teeth 

 five, corolla five lobed. Grows in patches covering sometimes a 

 quarter of an acre with its matted vines. Thrives in cool, mossy, 

 shady places among the cranberry vines. 



LaMatae. Along with the late days of August, prominent among 

 the flowers appear many of the mint family. Mints have been known 

 and highly esteemed for their medicinal qualities, as far back as 

 history gives any record of the human race. Their medicinal vir- 

 tue is mainly owing to a volatile oil, coDtained in small sacs in the 

 leaves. There are a great many varieties in Minnesota. The most 

 showy are 



1. Lophanthus anisatus. — Bentham. Found abundantly,about 

 three feet high, with long interrupted spikes of purplish flowers. 

 Stamens four, two long and two short; longer than the flower. 

 Leaves ovate, acute, serrate, whitish underneath, with a very min- 

 ute down; otherwise the plant is smooth; may be readily distin- 

 guished by the foliage having the taste and smell of anise; called, 

 commonly, the anise hyssop. 



2. Monarda fistulosa — Linneus. This is called "Wild Ber- 

 gamot," about two and a half feet high; downy or smoothish, 

 Leaves ovate, lanceolate, serrate. Flowering in heads, round- flat- 

 ish, at the end of each branch of the main, stem purplish; upper 

 lip acerate, lower lip three lobed; middle lobe much lcnger, and 

 notched at apex. The style projects far beyond the stamens and 

 flower. Foliage has a very pungent taste and a strong aromatic odor. 



3. Stachys palustris. — Linneus. Is known by the name of 

 " hedge nettle." Found about fences, margins of lakes and damp 

 grounds; about eighteen inches high, with a long spike of whorled 

 purplish flowers; stem and leaves thickly beset with stiff hairs; 

 calyx nearly equally five toothed; upper lips of flower erect, entire 

 or nearly so; lower lip three lobed, middle one longest; stamens, 

 four, ascending under the upper lip; a very variable plant. There 

 are a good mauy varieties, and a description of each is difficult, for 

 they pass into each other imperceptibly; one has heath shaped 

 leaves at the base; another is smooth and whitish; glabrous 

 throughout or with very few bristly hairs. 



