170 AN ATTEMPT TO DESCRIBE THE ANIMALS THAT MADE 



inches ; between the tips of the outer and middle toes, 7 to 

 8 inches ; between the inner and middle toes, 7.45 inches. 

 Length of the middle toe beyond the lateral toes, 5.5 inches. 

 Length of the proximal phalanx of the inner toe, 3.7 to 3.8 inches; 

 of the penultimate and ultimate phalanges united, 3.7 to 4.7 inch- 

 es ; of the proximal phalanx of the middle toe, 2.8 to 4 inches ; 

 of the second phalanx, 3 to 3.1 inches; of the penultimate and 

 ultimate phalanges united, 2.3 to 2.9 inches ; of the proximal pha- 

 lanx of the outer toe, 3.1 to 3.5 inches ; of the second, 2.8 to 3.2 

 inches ; of the third, 2 to 2.1 inches ; of the penultimate and ulti- 

 mate phalanges united, 2.3 to 2.5 inches. Angle between the line 

 of direction and the axis of the foot, as the animal walked, 5° to 10^. 

 Distance of the centre of the heel from the line of direction, 2 to 

 3 inches. Toes nearly straight ; middle one slightly curved in- 

 wards. Claws nearly straight, and only slightly deflexed. Integu- 

 ments of the under side of the foot papillose and striated. An- 

 imals gregarious. Track shown of the maximum size, with some 

 of the striae and papilla;, on Plate 1, fig. 1. 



Remarks. — This enormous animal, whose feet were four or five 

 times larger than those of the ostrich, seems to have been the most 

 common of those whose tracks have been impressed upon the sand- 

 stone of the Connecticut valley ; for its tracks are more abundant 

 than those of almost any other species. They must have been the 

 giant rulers of that valley. Their gregarious character appears 

 from the fact, that, at some localities (Northampton, &:c.), we find 

 parallel rows of tracks a few feet distant from one another, and 

 that, too, oblique somewhat to the line of coast at the time. 



Localities. — Between the bridges over Connecticut and Deer- 

 field Rivers, in the northeast part of Deerfield ; at the Horse Race, 

 in Gill; at Northampton, Chicopee Falls, Enfield Falls, and Weth- 

 ersfield. 



