308 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. 



When the wings and all parts of the male become fully developed, but 

 still very soft and pale, the long anal setae or filaments begin to be pro- 

 jected from the small tubercles on either side of the penis. These setae 

 are composed of a brilliant white waxy secretion, and probably continue 

 to grow as long as the insect lives, at least they often reach to more 

 than its entire lenj^th. The scale becomes loosened at the posterior end 

 while the head end remains fast, and the setae are gradually projected 

 from under the posterior end, and are always a sure sign that the fully 

 developed male is to be found beneath.* This fact may be known also 

 by the slight rosy tint given to tlie scale by the partial showing through 

 of the rose colored wings. In escaping from the scale the male backs out, 

 keeping the wings close to the body, and not drawing them over the 

 head as is described of some other species of Coccidse. 



THE MALE. 



The male (tigs. 30 and 33) is a very beautiful, delicately formed two 

 winged tly, of yellowish brown, and chestnut brown colors,t with bril- 

 liant rose-colored and irndescent wings. It varies considerably in size, 

 ranging from 10.)0 ^ to 17-50 /i in length, including the head and penis, 

 from 320 />< to 520 fJ- in breadth at the thorax, and from 2000 /i to 2700 // 

 in the expanse of wings. The other parts appear to vary in like propor- 

 tion. Tlie head is separated from the thorax, with which it is connected 

 by a slender neck. It is nearly globular in form, pointed in front 

 and below, slightly hollowed beneath the front. It is entirely rigid, ex- 

 cept the neck which is flexible, and of a general ochrous brown color 

 The epicranium is slightly depressed, at its highest part quite narrow, 

 enlarging both posteriorly and anteriorly. In front it is prolonged into an 

 obtusely cmical point, on each side of which is a large very convex eye 

 projecting beyond the margin. A short distance posterior to and out- 

 ward from each eye is a small black ocellus, which corresponds to the 

 eye of the larva and female. The sides or cheeks are very large and glob- 

 ular, forming the larger part of the head, incroaching on the epicranium 

 above and on the front below. On the cheeks and on the projecting 

 frontal point are a few sparse hairs. The front slopes rapidly downward 

 and backAvard, giving the head a triangular aspect when viewed from 

 the side. At the ventral apex of the head are two large convex ventral 

 eyes, and between them are two very minute tubercles, which are prob- 

 ably all that remains to represent the external mouth parts. There ap- 

 pears to be no doubt as to the function of these ventral eyes as organs 

 of vision. It is necessary that the male should see downward in order 

 that he may detect the female, unless Uiis may be done entirely by touch, 

 which is not likely. When dissected out and observed from the inside 



* Miss SmitU'B remarks ou this subject in the American Naturalist, 1878, p. 809, are 

 based upon a mistrauslatiou. lu the 2d liue of the 3d paragraph read "this'' for "that,'' and 

 "and this remains" for "which ri-sts," and it is evident that Si^jnoret's statement agrees ex- 

 actly with Miss Smith's observation. 



t.Miss Smith says, in tlie American Naturaliit, 1878, p. 660, " Inliginoui'," but this is 

 probably an error for ferruginous, which would be nearer Ihe truth, though hardly correct 

 according to my observations. 



