PUTNAM ON PULVINARIA INNUMERABILIS. 817 



toward the rear. Each segment is composed of at least four pieces 

 namely : the notiim forming the dorsal surface, the sternum form- 

 ing the central portion of the ventral surface, and one epistcrtnim 

 on each side of the sternum. We might go further and consider the dor- 

 sal surface as composed of three pieces — a notitm with an epimerum on 

 each side, the latter representing the portion lying between the submar- 

 ginal band and the margin, and the former the central carinated region, 

 thus making six pieces; and still again, as we have seen in the male of 

 this species, the sternum and notum are each composed of two lateral 

 halves, which would make a total of eight pieces to each segment. [The 

 segments of the thorax would of course have the same structure, with 

 the addition of the insertions of the coxse.] On either side of the sternum 

 on each segment are two obscure impressed points probably serving for 

 the insertion of muscles. A small portion of the eighth segment remains 

 visible below. The ninth segment is turned outside-in and withdrawn 

 within the eighth and seventh segments, forming a vulvular cavity. At 

 its extremity is the vulva, the opening of the vagina. Surrounding the 

 vulva are two flattened appendages (ttg. 1, o) each formed of three long 

 movable spines united together by means of a waxy secretion, forming 

 a sort of tube through wliich the eggs pass. These are evidently the 

 same as the " leaf-like organs'" seen in the young larva. 



On the sternum of each of the posterior segments, (the 8th, 7th, (ith, 

 and possibly others,) are two long movable wax secreting spines, and 

 large numbers of very small circular wax secreting pores. Tliese last 

 are exceedingly abundant immediately around the vulva on tlie eighth 

 segment, a little less numerous on the seventh, and on the otlieis there 

 appear to be two irregular rows around the posterior margin of each seg- 

 ment. These pores are about 5 P- in diameter and too numerous to 

 count. 



Internal Organs. — The i)xternal mouth parts of the Coccidse have been 

 well described by Dr. E. L. Mark,* and those of this species are com- 

 posed of essentially the same parts. Fig. 26a is drawn from the mouth 

 parts of a larva of the second stage, but by considering it as magnitied but 

 106 instead of 200 diameters it will he sufficient for the following expla- 

 nation. That portion of the head contained within (what I have con- 

 sidered as) the clypeus, forms a cavity lying between two somewhat tri- 

 angular planes supported by a chitinous frame work. The lower plane 

 {area inferior of Mark) is the larger and corresponds very nearly, if not 

 entirely with the external clypeus. It is bounded on the front by the 

 urcus inferior, (a) and on the sides by the costce inferiores dextnx et sinstrce-, 

 each of which appears composed of two parts (b and n, b^ and «/) meet- 

 ing at the radiating pohits, (f,f), the posterior portions (n, n^) join with 

 the corresponding parts of the costce superiores to form the perforated 

 ■clavus^or steurung of Mark through which the buccal setse pass, (between 

 p and p\) The upper plane (area superior) is bounded in front by the 



*Beitrage zur Anatomie nnd Ilistologie der Pflanzenlause, inbesondere der Cocciden, 

 Bonn, 1876, pp. 5-20. Also in Archiv f. Microscop. Anatomie, Band XI II. 



[Proc D. A. N. S., Vol. II.] 42 [Dec, 1879.] 



