PUTNAM ON rULYINARIA INNUMERABILIS. 339 



England and Germany; 8,fraxini Licht, on Fraxinus excelsior, Europe ; 

 9, gasteralpha leery, on sugar cane, Mauritius ; f 10, lanatus, Gmelin, on 

 oak, Europe ; 11, mesambrianthemi Vallot, on Mesambrianthemum, Central 

 ■ Europe; 12, oxyacanthce Linn^, on Crataegus oxyacantha, Europe; fl'S, 

 pyri Fitch, on Pear, United States ; 14, popuU Signoret, on Populus 

 nigra, Europe ; 15, ribesice, Signoret, on wild and red currant, France ; 

 16, salicis Fitch, {salicis Bouch(5 ?), on Salix viminalis. United States 

 (Europe?); 17, tremuloe Signoret, on Populus tremula, Europe; 18, vitis, 

 Linne, on Fitis vinifera, Europe. Those species marked with a dagger 

 (t) were unknown to Signoret, and are very imperfectly described. Many 

 of the others are known in only one or two stages, mostly the gestated 

 female or the young larva. In addition to the difference in food plants 

 and habitat innumerabilis differs from all of them either in the general 

 form, size, color and markings, or in various minute anatomical partic- 

 ulars such as the number and proportions of the joints of the antennae 

 and of the hairs which they bear, the proportions of the tarsus, tibia and 

 femur, of the digituli, the length of the buccal setae, etc. Our innumera- 

 bilis however agrees most closely with the description and figures of 

 vitis. The only important difference I can find is that the male of vitis 

 has two ocellae on each side, while innumerabilis has but one. As innu- 

 merabilis thrives well on the grape, the thought has occurred to me that 

 it might be identical with vitis. However, I sent specimens of innumer- 

 nbilis to M. Signoret and he regards them as distinct from any species 

 known to him, which mnst settle the question until the contrary is 

 proved by a careful comparative examination of fresh specimens. 



I will now say a few words regarding the species described as occur- 

 ring in the United States. 



Lecanium pyri Fitch. In his first report, pages 105-7, Dr. Fitch 

 describes a large bark louse on the pear, ' a hemispherical chest- 

 nut brown scale, the size of half a pea ;" the eggs and young lice 

 were found under the dried scale of the female, which, together with 

 the figure, shows that it was a true Lecanium, and his reference to L. 

 pyri Schrank, is probably correct. But in the next paragraph he says : 

 " Beneath the scales the young lice are interspersed through a mass of 

 white cotton-like matter. This subsequently increases in volume and 

 protrudes from under one end of the scale, elevating it from the bark, as 

 shown in the annexed cut." This is evidently a true Pulvinaria and 

 certainly a distinct species and genus from the first, but whether it is 

 vitis, innumerabilis, or an hitherto undescribed species, it is impossible to 

 tell. It is again mentioned in Fitch's Third Report, No. 53, and in the 

 American Entomologist, Vol. I, page 14, the latter reference being to a 

 true Lecanium. 



Pulvinaria salicis, Bouch6. Under this name Signoret has described a 

 species received from Dr. Asa Fitch, found on the willow.* It is nearly 

 allied to P.popidi, but differs from that, as well as from innumerabilis, 

 in having the fourth joint of the antenna longest, and in some other 



* Annales Soc. Ent. France, 1872, p. 44. 



