PUTNAM ON ASPIDIOTUS ANCYLUS. 347 



of a dark red color, and a pair of setie are seen spirally coiled up on 

 each side— as has been already described in Pulvinaria. In all cases 

 this appears to be a certain indication that the insect is about to 

 moult. Late in the fall both sexes enter the pupa state that of the 

 female being exactly similar to the encysted state of the larva before its 

 tirst moult, except in size, while that of the male now for the first time 

 shows a difference of form. Both sexes appear to remain in this quies- 

 cent state until spring, when, with the first warm days tiiey quickly 

 complete their transformations. The female remains of a similar form 

 to the more matured larva, but has lost all traces of antennae and legs,* 

 and the vulvular pores have for the first time made their appearance. 

 The cast off skin again becomes incorporated with the scale as before. 

 The male appears about the middle of April, and is very similar in ap- 

 pearance to that of nerii, but can be quickly and certainly distinguislied 

 by the form of the apodema or transverse thoracic band ; in nerii this is 

 of a slightly waved outline, rather suddenly enlarged at the sides, while 

 that of ancylus is of equal width throughout, with parallel sides, the whole 

 slightly curved forward. On April 18th, 1878, 1 observed a male copulate 

 with the female. After coming out of his scale he walks about with his 

 wings folded, in the usual position, flat on his back. The long style-like 

 penis is curved under the body so tliat its point is directed forward. 

 This he keeps in constant motion. When lie meets with a female he 

 mounts upon her back standing high up on his legs ; the penis soon finds 

 its way under the scale and keeps constantly vibrating. When inter- 

 rupted he goes on to another female. I watched this process continue 

 for about ten minutes. 



I have submitted specimens of this species toM. Signoret who regards 

 it as a distinct species. I hope before long to give a more detailed ac- 

 count of it with suitable illustrations. 



Miss Emily A. Smith while searching for this species in Peoria, found 

 another very different species of Asjjidiotus on the hard maple (Acer sac- 

 charinum). I have since found it in Davenport. There appear to be 

 two broods (both ^ and $) each year, one on the leaves in summer, and 

 one on the trunk and branches in winter. Miss Smith has made a care- 

 ful study of this insect and expects soon to publish a paper upon it. 



ERRATA. 



Page 293. Coccus tili(e Fitch, might be added to the list of doubtful syuouyms. See p. 340. 



Page 298, line 4 from bottom. For "4 m-"' read " -^5 (x." 



Page 305, line 21 from bottom. For '• always" read "usually."' 



Page 305, line 16 from bottom. Insert at end of this line:—" On the trees however they 

 sometimes move downwards as is shown by their settlins on new shoot? below any infested 

 branches." 



Page 307, line 2 from bottom. For " 23" read " 29." 



Page 308, line 15 from top. For "30" read "31." 



Page 319, line 27 from bottom. For "26,a" read "2Grt." 



Page 322, lines 12 and 21 from top. For " oesophagat" read " oesopageal." 



Page 339, line 19 from top. Insert "Fig. 17." 



*The antennse and legs are probably lost at the first moult, but I cannot state this for a 

 certaintv. 



