278 REVIEWS BIRIVnNGHAM PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY, ETC, 



Mr. Gr. Hookham, M.A., of Sutton Coldfield, contributes a 

 tlioughtful paper on "The Study of Science as an Instrument 

 of Higher Education." By "higher education" Mr. Hookham 

 means the education which should be begun when the mind has been 

 disciphned at school or college by a course of formal study. Habits 

 of thought once gained, the aim of each mind should be to assimilate 

 to itself truth as to the constitution of the universe. This can only be done 

 effectually by individual devotion to sorae special science. It should, 

 of course, be remembered that every such science has relations with 

 the whole domain on which enquiries can be prosecuted. Results 

 attained by others in other departments may be known; but mere 

 accumulation of knowledge of results is not " higher education." This 

 can only be secured by the mind coming into contact ■«ath the realities 

 of the universe. And what is higher education for the individual mind 

 helps on also the general enrichment of humanity in knowledge. This 

 is, Mr. Hookham thinks, especially exemplified in the beneficial influence 

 which the German Universities, in which the studies are wholly real, 

 are exercising upon the world. 



The paper on " The Place of Archaeology in Science," by 

 Mr. James Kenward, F.S.A., of Harborne, is a most readable one. 

 In a very bi'oad sense, Mr. Kenward lemarks, all sciences which 

 concern themselves with the operations of nature, or with the 

 thoughts, words, and deeds of man, in past times, may be looked upon as 

 parts of a grand Archaeology — the Archaeology of the universe and of man. 

 But his concern is with Archaeology " as limited to human monuments 

 and human relics : as a study and a summarv of the remains — written 

 graven, sculptured, paiiited, built up, formed and finished in any mode — 

 which appeal to us from palace and pyramid, and temple, and cave, and 

 cairn ; from book, and manuscript, and oral tradition." Besides being in 

 itself of interest to all for whom the past of human history is a " divine 

 drama," Archaeology is a valuable auxiliary to all other sciences. The 

 progi'ess of none of them can be estimated without an appeal to it. Mr. 

 Kenward's attractively written sketch of the development of Archaeology 

 ought to be widely road. 



H. N. Grijiley. 



Th£ Superficial Geology of the Country adjoining the Coasts of South-West 

 Lancashire. By C. E. De Range, F.G.S. London: Longmans and Co. 

 8vo., 17s. 

 This Geological Survey Memoir describes in detail the surface deposits of 

 the low plains lying between the estuaries of the Mersey and the Ribble, 

 and also in a more general way the same beds as far to the north as 

 Morecambe Bay, southwards to the Dee, and eastwards to Blackburn, 

 Bolton, and Manchester. 



It contains 139 pages, including a few simple woodcuts, is bound in 

 a paper cover, and is issued by Her Majesty's Stationery Office at the 

 modest price of seventeen shillings, a fact which must be equally 

 aggravating to the officers of the Geological Survey and to the public. 



The author commences by describing the physical geography of the 

 district — a plain but little above the sea, and sloping down to it, wth 



