GRAPES. 213 



Prof. Green: Mr. Somerville tells me he has not done that; 

 he is very careful what he recommends. 



E. H. S. Dartt: I want to say that there is no Russian apple 

 hardy enough so it is safe for us to recommend it for general 

 cultivation. 



Pres. Elliot: What do you mean by general cultivation? 



E. H. S. Dartt: I mean hardy enough to advise everybody 

 to plant it. 



J. S. Harris: The Russian apple has not yet been enough 

 grown to recommend it. 



"Are budded apples trees better for planting in Minnesota 

 than root grafted trees?" 



Prof. Green: Not so good. 



GRAPES 



MY EXPERIENCE WITH GRAPE GROWING. 



BY J. S. SEW ALL, ST. PAUL. 



In the spring of 1863 I went to live on lots in St. Paul which had been 

 occuped by Alexander Buchanan, Esq., and I have resided there until 

 this year. 



Mr. Buchanan had planted grape vines, which I found growing, the 

 varieties being Catawba, Clinton, and (probably) Oporto. I planted other 

 sorts, and have had two or three hundred vines growing on the place 

 most of the time I have lived there. The ground slopes a little to the south 

 and west and is sheltered on the north by trees and buildings. It is 

 high and dry. 



I think nearly, or quite, all American vines are hardy if well grown 

 at the time of planting, and covered with earth in the winter. Such as 

 are not much later than Concords will generally ripen their fruit, if the 

 vine is healthy. Out of twenty-eight years there have been two in which 

 the Concords and most others have been injured by early frosts. 



After the feathered and unfeathered plunderers, which we always have 

 with us, the great enemies to be contended with are mildews, of which I 

 have discovered four kinds. Mildews are minute parasite plants which 

 are capable of spreading very rapidly. Each sort seems to nourish best 

 on certain favorite varieties of the vine, spreading from them to others in 

 their neighborhood. It becomes important to know these parasites and 

 to discard and exterminate them. I don't believe it will pay, here, to 

 fight mildews with sulphate of copper mixtures and other remedies. 



I shall have to describe most of the mildews that have come under my 

 notice by arbritrary names, as I am not sure of their true names. 



White mould appeared first on the vines I found on the place, which I 

 call Oporto. It attacks the green berries, which become a dirty white 



