FLORICULTURE. 251 



have many hardy plants there which we cannot grow here that are very 

 effective when thus used, but we, too, can do much in this line. For 

 this reason we should use evergreens of various kinds and forms, but as 

 their habit is rather sombre and heavy they should be enlivened by con- 

 trasts with the bright bark of the golden willow or red-twigged dog- 

 wood and the white berries of the snowberry, the scarlet fruit of the bit- 

 ter-sweet, the bark of the white birch, etc. This is a very delightful 

 form of gardening, and when once attempted will lead to most satisfact- 

 ory results. It prolongs our interest and pleasure in the garden and 

 plants throughout the year, and surely it will add much to the attract- 

 iveness of this beautiful park. 



QUESTION BOX. 



1. "What are the best hardy flowering shrubs for Minne- 

 sota?" 



Sec. Green: In the report for 1890 there is a good article on 

 shrubs for general planting by Gus. Malmquist. 



President Elliot: We have in our own state some of the 

 finest hardy shrubs in the United States, — our own natives, — 

 and I hope some one will take that thing in hand and go to cul- 

 tivating hardy shrubs. Our park commission here is using 

 a great many of them in the parks. 



2. ' 'Is rosa rugosa (the single Japanese rose) hardy in Min- 

 nesota?" 



Prof. Green: We have it, but I do not know 'that it is of 

 much importance. 



3.. "Cornus florida (flowering dogwood) is reported as grow- 

 ing wild in southeastern Minnesota. Is it hardy in cultivation?" 



J. S. Harris: I doubt very much about its being hardy. In 

 the winter of 1872 and 1873 there was a plant reported on the 

 Red river, but I have never seen it. 



FLORICULTURE. 



THE CHRYSATHEMUM SHOW. 



BY COL. J. H. STEVENS, MINNEAPOLIS. 



Mr, President, Ladies and Gentlemen: 



I am down in the program of this session to address you on the first 

 "mum" exhibition in Minneapolis. The word "mum" originated with 

 John Thorpe, of Pearl River, the first president of the American Floral 

 Association. I do not think that our executive committee who arranged 

 the program, expected that I should exclusively use that word on this 



