FIRST ORDINARY MEETING, 1T 
or grey, or green, toa more or less dark brown. Fair hair, and blue, 
green, or grey eyes, are never found except in conjunction with a 
white skin. The yellow hair reported as seen in some countries in 
conjunction with a dark skin, is the result of the use of a bleaching 
agent. Light eyes may occur with dark hair and a fair skin, and 
dark eyes with a fair skin and fair hair. The great majority of man- 
kind have dark eyes, dark hair, and a more or less dark skin, and 
Huxley’s Xanthochroi, or the blonde whites of Northern Europe, are 
the race that departs farthest from the common type. 
According to Professor Huxley, there must once have been some- 
where an unmixed blonde white race, by mixing with which the 
Australioids of the Mediterranean region and Great Britain became 
blanched to their present hue. There is not, however, what one 
would think there ought to be on that theory, any country or part of 
a country inhabited only by blondes. Probably the country with 
the greatest proportion of fair whites in it, is Southern Sweden ; 
but here there is no inconsiderable admixture of men of the dark 
white race. On the contrary, there are countries inhabited solely by 
Melanochroi or dark whites. Such for example are Persia and 
Northern Arabia. These facts, namely, that there is no tribe or 
nation of unmixed blondes, while there are some of unmixed brunette 
whites, would seem to indicate, that the fairness of the people in the 
native country of the white race, is due to climatic causes, which 
produce their maximum effect in those parts where there are most 
blondes. 
At first sight nothing appears plainer than that complexion is a 
result of climate. 
The very dark races are near the equator, the light-colored ones in 
the temperate zones. The explanation seems to be at least as old as 
Homer that darkness of skin results from the intensity of the sun’s 
rays. In his poems the term Aithiopes, meaning burnt faces, the 
root of our word Ethiopian, is used to designate an African tribe. 
But a very slight extension of our knowledge shows that this theory 
does not explain the facts. Side by side in the same country, as, for 
example, India, we find races of differing color who, apparently, have 
oceupied the same soil for many centuries. On the forty-fourth 
parallel of latitude, which runs a little north of this city, we find, in 
the old world, the European brunette, the blonde Cireassian, and the 
» yellow Mongol, while on this continent we have the brown reddisb. 
