PARASITES OF MAN. 9 
favourable circumstances, five days are fully sufficient for the 
complete development and maturation of the parasite. 
Int. Host.—Not necessary. 
Experiments.—None. 
Remarks.—In the full grown state this little nematode is stated 
to be only the »; of an inch in length. It was discovered by 
Dr. Normand in excrementitious matters passed by French 
soldiers suffering from the so-called Cochin China diarrhea, and 
who had been sent home as invalids. This entozoon, by its 
injurious action, supplies another remarkable instance of para- 
sitism as a cause of endemic disease. Drs. Normand and 
Bavay state that the victims are infested to such an extent that 
the number of little worms present in severe cases can only be 
adequately estimated at many hundreds of thousands. Their 
extreme rapidity of growth and maturation readily accounts for 
this excessive degree of infection, which is maintained with 
much persistence, in spite of the dysenteric action which daily 
expels myriads of the parasites in every stage of development. 
I may add that post mortem inspection has shown that the 
anguillules not only occupy all parts of the alimentary canal, from 
the stomach downwards, but that they also find their way into 
the pancreatic and biliary ducts, and even into the gall bladder. 
, Lit.—Normand (Dr. A.) ; Memoire sur la diarrhée dite de Cochin- 
chine, in Archives de Médicine Navale, for Jan., 1877, and 
especially his recent article “Du Role Etiologique del’Anguillule, 
Ibid., Sept., 1878, Bavay ; in Comptes Rendus, for October, 1876. 
39.—Leptodera intestinalis, Bavay. 
Syn.—Anguillula (Rhabditis) intestinalis, Bavay. 
Larvee.—Similar to those of Leptodera stercoralis, but relatively 
larger, and possessing a remarkably long cesophagus, together 
with a blunt instead of a sharply pointed tail. 
Int. Host.—Not necessary. 
Exper.—None. 
Remarks.—The full grown worm is almost three-times the length of 
the preceding species. In the Cochin China victims, it is frequently, 
though by no means invariably, associated with its smaller and 
far more abundant congener. In consequence of its occurring 
in comparatively small numbers, it is not easy to state to what 
extent this worm is concerned in the production of disease. 
Were it as abundant as Leptodera stercoralis, it would doubtless 
prove more destructive to the human bearer. 
Lit.—Bavay; Note sur lAnguillule intestinale ; in the Archives 
de Méd. Navale for July, 1877. 
[vo BE CONTINUED. | 
THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF PLANTS 
AND ANIMALS. 
ABSTRACT OF AN ADDRESS DELIVERED TO THE CHELTENHAM NATURAL SCIENCE 
SOCIETY, BY H. J. ELWES, ESQ., F.Z.S., F.L.S., &C., ON Nov. 21, 1878, anp 
THE DISCUSSION THEREON. 
Mr. Elwes remarked that the geographical distribution of animals 
and plants is a subject which, until a few years since, was scarcely 
thought of by Naturalists, but has recently received much attention 
. c 
