MOSS HABITATS. 39 
—_———. 
Hypnum cupressiforme occurs on every’ conceivable habitat, but may 
often be found forming extensive yellowish or dark-green patches, the 
foiiage somewhat shining. In habit this moss is most variable, being 
sometimes prostrate, at others erect; but usually the stem is pinnate, 
(Plate IV., Fig. 5,) the leaves curved to one side, more or less ovate, and 
suddenly drawn out to a toothed or entire point ; the fruit-stalk arises 
from the side of the stem, and is surmounted by the curved capsule ; 
the fringe is double, and the lid conical. Although this moss varies so 
much as to be fairly puzzling to the experienced bryologist, I find it may 
be always readily made out if a few of the leaves are taken from the 
stem and examined with the microscope. It will then be seen that they 
are either nerveless or faintly two-nerved, have very narrow elongate 
leaf-cells, but the cells at the marginal base are quadrate and opaque. 
[T0 BE CONTINUED. | 
ERRATA.—Vol. I., page 318, line 18, for wyper surface read wnder surface ; line 19, 
for involute read revolute. 
RECENT DISCOVERIES IN THE GEOLOGY OF 
SHROPSHIRE. 
II.—THE QUARTZITES OF SHROPSHIRE, 
BY CHARLES CALLAWAY, M.A., D.SC. LOND., F.G.S. 
InTRODUCTION. 
In the August number of the “‘ Midland Naturalist,” Vol. I., p. 205, I 
gave the first of a series of paperson my recent work in Shropshire, when 
I described a new area of Upper Cambrian Rocks near the Wrekin. In 
this communication will be found a summary of a second paper read by 
me before the Geological Society of London in June, 1878, and published 
in the August number of the Quarterly Journal. The reader is referred 
to that paper for details. 
OBJECT OF THE PapER. 
On the flanks of the Wrekin and Caer Caradoc are certain beds of 
green sandstone and of quartz rock, which in the Survey maps are 
coloured as “ Altered Caradoc.” The green sandstone I showed in my 
previous paper to be the Hollybush Sandstone, (hitherto recognised only 
on the sides of the Malvern Hills,) and therefore of much greater 
antiquity than the Caradoc epoch. My present purpose is to prove that 
the quartzites are older even than the Hollybush Sandstone. 
A. Wrexin—Cuurca Srrerron Arza. 
1.—Grnerat Description. 
(a.) Wrekin sub-area.—This district contains by far the largest 
horizontal development of the quartzites. They are finely exposed on 
the south-east side of the Wrekin range from its north-eastern extremity, 
half a mile south of Wellington, to its south-west end, a length of about 
three miles. The range is composed of three elevations, separated by 
