114 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Mr. Simmons: We have never used more than two sprays. 

 It has heretofore killed the fungus, this year it didn't. 



Mr. Bingham : Do you find bordeaux any better to control 

 diseases? 



Mr. Simmons : I have never used bordeaux mixture. 



Mr. Bingham : I would say that we have found a very great 

 difference in the use of lime-sulphur and bordeaux. I believe that 

 lime-sulphur this year was a very expensive spray in many sec- 

 tions. Even at the price of blue vitriol you could better afford 

 to pay twenty cents a pound for vitriol and use bordeaux mixture. 

 We carried on an experiment a few years ago with the use of 

 lime-sulphur and with bordeaux. We had several different plots, 

 and I also did lime-sulphur spraying on my commercial orchard. 

 We had about $500 damage on the lime-sulphur scalding. Our 

 experiment showed that hot weather would cause lime-sulphur 

 injury. We had the experiments side by side ; from the bordeaux 

 there was practically no injury and from the lime-sulphur there 

 was considerable injury. The bordeaux rust is not an injury 

 when it comes to market, but when we have the scalding in con- 

 nection with heat we have trouble. 



Mr. Simmons: Where is your orchard located? 



Mr. Bingham: Straight east of here, a little south, on the 

 shore of Lake Michigan in Wisconsin. 



Mr. Simmons: Climatic conditions are very different, you 

 have a great deal more moisture than we have here. 



A Member : Do I understand that the arsenate of lead or 

 bordeaux is a very good spray for a novice, that is, one who has a 

 very few trees ; for a general all around spray isn't bordeaux and 

 arsenate of lead good ? 



The President: We have found it good. Who will answer 

 the question? 



Mr. Smith : My experience in spraying is this, that one of 

 the first things, if you are going to have any success or satisfac- 

 tion out of the spraying, is to know what you are going to spray 

 for, and next, the best time to do it. Now, I just came in and 

 heard the gentleman talking about spraying for codling moth 

 just after the blossom falls. We found that that is very effective, 

 and probably three years out of five if that spraying is done thor- 

 oughly enough with 200 or more pounds pressure it will get all 

 the codling moth, just spraying with the arsenate of lead alone. 

 And you will get better results if you spray with arsenate of lead 

 alone, spraying for codling moth, than if you mix anything else 

 with it. 



So far as the lime-sulphur and the bordeaux is concerned, 

 there is a general misunderstanding in regard to those two 

 sprays. Lime-sulphur kills whatever it touches. It is a corrosive 

 and kills whatever it touches. We had a good deal of controversy 

 at one time at a horticultural meeting in regard to the matter of 

 using salt with the lime-sulphur and the man advocating it said 

 that it would stay on longer. "Well," I said, "lime-sulphur kills 

 whatever it touches." "Yes." "When?" "When it touches," he 



