GRAPES. 287 
are laid in irregular clumps of four or five, more or less, upon both the up- 
per and under sides of the leaves. The larve hatch from the eggs ina few 
days, and begin voraciously feeding upon the upper sides of the leaves, 
eating irregular holes through, and gradually skeletonizing them down to 
the mainribs. Entomologists say that they require from three weeks to a 
month to attain their full growth. After attaining full growth they drop 
from the leaf, and work themselves into the ground an inch or two and 
transform to pupae. In this state they remain two or three weeks, when 
the perfect beetles emerge. It is not positively known that more than 
one brood is produced in a season, but it is very probable that there are 
two. . 
The only remedy I have noticed is the following in the report of the 
entomologist of the United States Department of Agriculture, 1879, page 
215, viz.: A strip of cotton cloth, three by six feet, kept open by cross 
sticks at the ends, is thoroughly saturated with kerosene and held under 
the vine, while the supporting post is struck a sharp blow with a club. 
The beetles fall readily by the jar, and contact with the kerosene sooner 
or later destroys them. With this simple apparatus, three boys can go 
over a large vineyard almost as fast as they can walk. and if this be done 
every day for a week, in an infested field, the beetles will be quite thor- 
oughly destroyed; after striking the saturated sheet, the beetles show no 
disposition to flyor jump. Precautionary measures can be taken that will 
tend to keep the vineyard comparatively free from the pest. First, a close 
watch should be kept for the eggs and larva, and they should be promptly 
destroyed; second, bark on the posts, splinters on the slats, the pruning 
and other rubbish should be cleared up, raked off and burned at the 
beginning of winter. Itis said that the larve may be effectually destroyed 
by syringing the vines with a solution of whale oil soap—two pounds of 
soap to fifteen gallons of water. The last season, our vines have been un- 
usually healthy, and the fruit and fruit stems virtually free from rot or 
mildew. Thecrop of fruit was above average in quantity, and the quality 
was the very best. 
REPORT ON GRAPES. 
E, CRANDALL, SUMTER. 
Perhaps what is ef the most importance at this time is the subject of grape 
disease. Thepastyear my vines were entirely free from any disease what- 
ever, either fungous or insect. The only damage to the fruit was from 
bees, Italian hybrids, regular maffia; and on a few vines that were in the 
way fromchickens, hybrid White Leghorns. I don’t think a regular honest 
brown bee would attack a sound grape, bowever ripe and sweet, but the 
hybrid Italian will, for I have seen them doit. At first one fellow makes 
a pinhole in a sound grape, then others come to the feast and enlarge the 
hole till they can get their heads in; soon the grape is but a mere empty 
shell with a round hole and the seed in it. 
Ihave about 275 grape vines in bearing, or just beginning to bear, 
trained on wires in rows running north and south. Of these 100 are Con- 
cords, 90 Salems, 60 Wordens, 15 Brightons; the others are Moore’s Early, 
Prentiss, Vergenes, Hartford, Lady and White Ann Arbor. 
