264 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



varieties and supplementary crops, we can witla good heart hastily fill up 

 our vacant ranks of trees, knowing that the disasters that overwhelm the 

 many will bring to faithfulness and courage the richer reward. 



DISCUSSION. 



Mr. J. S. Harris. I coincide with Mr. Wedge on the varieties 

 named, but I should go very slowly with the Malinda except 

 as a topworked tree, and then put in only a few for the young 

 children to teeth on. (Laughter. ) I hope that in the future 

 we may get a good long-keeping apple. 



Mr. Murray. There is one point he mentioned, and that is 

 in regard to the distance he said he would set the trees from 

 each other. It struck me that the distance he named between 

 the rows was surprisingly wide, as was the distance in the 

 rows. 



Mr. Wedge. Of course, there are many other good orchards 

 in that part of the state, but they do not supply the markets of 

 the state by any means. I think the distance named in my 

 paper is a good distance, as my idea is to get a good crop of 

 corn and potatoes off the land anyhow, and then I propose that 

 those rows of trees shall bring me in something besides. 



Mr. Harris. Apple trees are not a success if they are placed 

 too close together. Of course, when they are small it is all 

 right, but when they grow larger the difficulty appears. Mr. 

 Wedge and I talked that matter over last fall, and my advice to 

 him was to set the trees at least forty feet apart — and I guess 

 sixty would have been better — letting the rows run north and 

 south or a little northeast and southwest, and then plant the 

 trees closely in the rows, according to the varieties. I know 

 that some trees starve to death in Minnesota because they are 

 set too close together and, consequently, have no vitality to re- 

 sist severe climatic influences. Now, these wide rows give the 

 trees an opportunity to draw more nutriment from the soil, 

 and also allow us to go between them with our teams in the 

 winter and unload manure. 



Mr, O. F. Brand. I would like to ask Mr. Wedge how many 

 varieties he has in his own orchard, and if he noticed much 

 injury to the foliage last summer? 



Mr. Wedge. I have probably about twenty-five varieties. I 

 remember there was considerable injury to the leaves in July or 

 about that time. I do not know what it was — the leaves curled* 

 or something of that kind. I could not place the injury. 



Mr, Brand. Were there spots on the leaves? 



Mr. Wedge. Oh yes, there were scabs in my orchards a 

 good deal, too. 



