OBSERVATIONS ON HARDINESS. 133 



while it suffered severely even in more sheltered places. L. 

 Ouihoui, a shrub with widely spreading branches and thick 

 green leaves, is hardy under normal conditions. 



The species of the genus Buddleia, belonging to the Logani- 

 aceas, are always more or less uncertain, excepting in protected 

 situations. They come up readily from the roots, however, so 

 if they are occasionally killed back they are worth growing, for 

 some of them are very handsome, notable among these being 

 B. variabilis. 



Most of the Verbenacese, the verbena family, are quite un- 

 certain as to hardiness, but as many of them readily sprout 

 from the roots when killed back, they are of use horticulturally. 

 Vitex Agnus-castus, from the Mediterranean region, Callicarpa 

 Japonica and C. purpurea, the latter from China, Clerodendron 

 trichotomum and C. serotinum, and Caryopteris Mastacanthus, 

 belong here. 



The honeysuckle family, Caprifoliacese, is almost synony- 

 mous with hardiness, for there are many species in the genera 

 Viburnum, Lonicera, Weigela, Diervilla, Symphoricarpos and 

 Sambucus, which even the severest winters do not harm. Abelia 

 chinensis, another member of this family, is not quite hardy, 

 unless in well-protected situations. It is a beautiful little shrub 

 and is well worth giving a protected place. 



The collection of conifers is located on a series of ridges 

 and valleys, those requiring some protection being placed in posi- 

 tions which will afford such conditions. The plants are placed 

 singly, instead of in groups, a condition which perhaps must be 

 borne in mind in considering the following remarks upon their 

 hardiness here. 



The genus Picea is located on a slope which faces mainly to 

 the northeast, with no protecting fringe of trees on the exposed 

 side, from which direction come the prevailing cold winds of 

 winter, so that the plants are here subjected to as severe a test 

 from this source as could be imposed in this latitude. The area 

 is underlaid with rock, so that the drainage is excellent, with 

 the exception of that portion at the base of the slope to the north- 

 east, where water is apt to accumulate and stand for some time 

 in winter and after heavy showers in summer. In this lower 



