Mourne, Nov Lio. | Royal Microscopical Society. 243 
cited, out of a total number of nine collected, are altogether new to 
science, and two of these are described here for the first time. In 
addition, I am enabled by examination of the material amassed to 
add considerably to our knowledge of the history and structure of 
those species already introduced. 
Pheronema Grayi, W. 8. Kent. 
Most conspicuous in the whole series is the fine sponge described 
under the above name in the ‘Annals and Magazine of Natural 
History’ for August last. This beautiful form is known to the 
fishermen of Setubal as “ Ninos de Mer,” or “ the Sea Bird’s-nest ;”’ 
it bears a strong family likeness to the interesting form dredged up 
last year by Drs. Carpenter and Wyville Thomson in the Shetland 
seas, and described by the last-named gentleman in the ‘ Philo- 
sophical Transactions’ as Holtenia Carpenteri. Unfortunately, 
the generic name proposed by Dr. Thomson has to give way to 
that of Pheronema; Dr. Leidy, an eminent American naturalist, 
having previously described as Pheronema Anne a sponge evidently 
Piatt LXV. 
Fic. 1.—Lanuginella pupa, shown at a, natural size, attached to a calyx of Lopho- 
helia prolifera. 
2.—A specimen detached x 12 linear. 
3.—Interlacing attenuate hexradiate spicula, of which the framework of the 
skeleton is composed, x 100 linear. 
4.—An isolated spiculum, with unequally developed lateral radii, similarly 
magnified. 
5.—Two of the minute spinulo-multiradiate spicula of the sarcode x 200 
linear. 
6.—A supposed reproductive gemmule x 100 linear, 
7.—Another and possibly more advanced form, similarly magnified. 
8.—A fragment of the smooth reticulated fibrous skeleton of Aphrocallistes 
Bocagei x 100 linear. 
9.—A still more slender and irregularly stellate portion of the same. 
10.—One of the “spiculated hexradiate stellate” spicula, having the inferior 
radius of the perpendicular shaft greatly prolonged, x 100 linear. 
11.—Another variety of the same type. 
», 12.—A simple attenuate hexradiate variety x 100 linear. 
13.—One of the porecto-triradiate spicula of the sarcode x 100 linear. 
14.—Upper portion of the same, after Oscar Schmidt, and confirmed by my 
own observations, x 700 linear. 
15.—A minute attenuate, adpressly-spined, spiculum of the sarcode x 100 
linear. 
», 16.—A portion of the reticulate and echinate skeleton of Aphrocallistes Beatrix 
x 100 linear. 
17.—A lateral view of a fragment of the same, showing the spinose prolonga- 
tions, similarly magnified. 
18.—One of the porecto-multiradiate spicula x 100 linear. 
19.—A “ verticillately-spined” spiculum of the sarcode x 100 linear. 
20.—A variety of the same, in which the extremities of the spines are 
minutely knobbed or spinulate, equally enlarged. 
21,—An attenuate hexradiate spiculum, with one of the radii spinous, referred 
by Dr. Bowerbank to this species, but which I have not yet succeeded 
in detecting, x 150 linear (after Bowb.). 
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