102 THE MICROSCOPE. [April, 



the student is saved from regarding it as a wonderful toy, and its 

 use as principally an amusement. When it becomes necessary 

 to make an accurate drawing of any object observed, the student 

 is taueht the structure and use of the camera lucida and the mi- 

 crometer ; when a structure is encountered which can be more 

 clearly demonstrated by the polariscope, it is brought into requi- 

 sition. 



Prepared by this general use of the instrument, the student is 

 next set to apply his skill to such microscopic problems as are 

 presented by a typical animal and a typical plant. During the 

 second term types of animal life are studied with microscopical 

 technique somewhat more as a separate subject. The processes 

 by which permanent preparations are produced are given, and 

 the student prepares a series of mounts in which is involved most 

 of the standard jDrocesses of hardening, staining, and section cut- 

 ting. This fits him to continue the use of the instrument in any 

 further lines of inquiry upon which he may wish to enter. The 

 last term of the year is given to botany, the microscope being 

 constantly used in the study of minute organography, and in a 

 somewhat complete treatment of vegetable histology. 



Later in the course choice is offered between further study of 

 botanv for two terms or a like time given to zoology. In this the 

 microscope comes in especially to fill out the work upon minute 

 organisms in both kingdoms. Biological study ends with human 

 physiology and histology. 



The limits of this paper do not permit anything more of detail 

 than is given above. It is enough, however, to fortify the asser- 

 tion that no other instrument bears so close a relation to scien- 

 tific study at the present day. The biological departments are not 

 alone in this. Chemical laboratories will shortly need, as part of 

 their equipment, microscopes of peculiar construction adapted to 

 some special purposes. Lithological stud}' is already largely mi- 

 croscopical, and a vast literature is growing up bearing upon the 

 study of rocks by this method. 



No one can successfully teacii the sciences without knowing 

 and using the microscope, and no institution can long hope to 

 maintain a reputation for scientific instruction without providing 

 with some liberality this essential instrument for that instruction. 



The Mcintosh New Clinical Microscope is sold at from $20 to 

 $32, and constitutes a good student microscope at very low price. 

 Wales objectives and Gundlach objectives are catalogued in detail. 

 Turn-tables, voice-pieces, diaphragms and an electric illuminator 

 fill out the list. Send for a copy, addressing the Company at 

 Chicago, 111. 



