STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 143 



and gather and destroy the ears, buds or fruit in which it is work- 

 ing. The moths may also be trapped in the spring and again in 

 July and August by placing shallow vessels filled with vinegar and 

 molasses among the plants to be protected. This plan is quite ex- 

 tensively practiced in the cotton fields of the South. Turkeys will 

 search eagerly for the worms and pick up great numbers that are 

 about to eater the ground. Chickens also will chase and capture 

 the moths. 



THE EUROPEAN CABBAGE BUTTERFLY. {Pier IS rapCP.) 



As I predicted two or three years ago, this insect has invaded our 

 gardens and cabbage fields, and during the past summer was the 

 most serious pest with which we had to contend. The velvety green 

 worms, with faint pink stripes on the sides are probably too familiar 

 to every gardener to need any further description, but it is possible 

 that there are some who do not yet recognise them as the 

 progeny of the clouds of white butterflies that appear two or three 

 times during the summer, and may be seen fluttering about and 

 often alighting on the cabbages. Every one ot these which can be 

 €aught and killed, if a female, reduces the number of worms from 

 fifty to one hundred. As the flight of these butterflies is low and 

 slow they are very easily caught in a hand net. 



A great variety of preparations have been recommended for 

 killing the worms, many of which have no value whatever. The 

 great difficulty is to find a substance that will destroy the insects 

 without injury to the plant. In this respect nothing has been 

 found superior to the California Buhach or Pyrethrum powder, 

 manufactured by Milco & Co. The only objection to this is its 

 costliness. It may be diluted, however, with from two to five 

 parts of flour or air slacked lime, and should always be applied in 

 the evening, as the volatile properties of the powder are not so 

 quickly dissipated at night as they are by the light and heat of the 

 sun. A mixture composed of one part cayenne pepper, two parts 

 sulphur, and three parts air-slacked lime, has been found to do 

 good service. Kerosene emulsions are good, but should be used 

 with care, and followed shortly by a thorough drenching with pure 

 water. A number of formulas for the preparation of these emulsions 

 have been given, of which the following is as good as any: Kero- 

 sene, one pint; skimmed milk three pints; water five pints. The 

 kerosene should be first thoroughly mixed with the milk by vigorous 

 shaking or stirring, after which the water may be added. This is 



