STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 147 



firmly by the edge. This ingeaeously constructed retreat is lined 

 with silk and within it the larva changes to a chrysalis and in 

 this state passes the winter. The moth appears in the spring. It 

 is very small, the expanded wings measuring about four- tenths of 

 an inch. The forewings are of a bluish, leaden color ornamented 

 with dark brown spots and bands. The body is olive brown and 

 the hind wing dark gray with paler fringes. 



Miss M. E. Murtfeldt has discovered that in Missouri the first 

 brood of larvae feed in the tender leaf buds of the Iroiiweed {Ver- 

 nonia) and are never found on the grape. By the time the moths 

 from this brood emerge, the grape berries are well formed and the 

 moth deserts the Ironweed and selects these as food for her young. 



The only way in which this insect can be kept in check is to 

 gather and destroy the infested grapes and to burn the leaves in 

 which the pupae are concealed late in the fall. It might also be 

 advantageous to exterminate all the Ironweeds growing in the vi- 

 cinity, in the spring. 



THE STRAWBERRY LEAF-ROLLER. {PJioxopteHs fraguriae W. and R.) 



This is a very wide spread foe of the strawberry plant and often 

 occurs in such numbers as to ruin the beds. The larvae are found 

 within the folded leaves about the time that the berries begin to 

 ripen. They are about one-third of an inch long when full grown, 

 of a greenish or yellowish brown color with a horny mahogany 

 brown head and a shield of the same color on top of the first point 

 of the body. The golden brown chrysalis is formed within the 

 folded leaves. The moth is about the size of the grape berry moth. 

 The forewings are of a reddish brown color handsomely orna- 

 mented with dark brown, black and white. There are two broods 

 each season, the second of which hibernates within the folded 

 leaves in the chrysalis state. It is almost useless to attempt to 

 reach this insect with either powders or liquid applications, so se- 

 curely is it hidden within the webbed and folded leaves. The best 

 preventive of its injuries is to frequently change the location of 

 the strawberry beds. Mr. Gibbs writes me that he obtained the 

 mastery of it by salting and plowing under the worst infested 

 fields. He has also observed that many of the chrysalids are de- 

 stroyed in the early spring by birds which search for them 

 through the mulching.* 



*See Secretarv's Portfolio, for a note on this insect. 



