STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 365 



Hippiiris vulgaris^ L., rare in Minnesota, is plentiful in every 

 little stream west of the Missouri, provided it is not alkaline and 

 contains water sufficient to prevent complete evaporation during 

 the dry season. 



Of the Onagracea\ Epilobiumpahcstre, L., and E. molle, Torr., were 

 sparingly found; more common were (Enothera aespitosa^ Nutt., 

 and (E. albkaulis, Nutt., the latter extending as far as to Muskoda 

 station east of the Red river. Much more rare was CE. Missouri- 

 ensis, Sims. Gaura coccinea, Nutt., was very abundant. 



Three species of Cactacece, Mamillaria vivipara, Haw., Opmitia 

 Missouriensis, DC, and 0. Rafinesquii^ Engelm., were plentiful. 

 0. Missouriensis was first observed, in going westward, on the hills 

 around Mandan. 



The Umhelliferm were mostly represented by species of Peuce- 

 danum, Cijmopterus and Musenium. Of these only one. Pence- 

 danum nndicaule, Nutt., extends as far east as Minnesota. 



The Compositce, as might be expected, were numerously repre- 

 sented. Species oi Liatris, Solidago and Bigelovia were abundant. 

 Asters were rather rare. Helianthus lenticularis, Dougl., (more 

 correctly known as H. annuus, L., since it has been shown to be 

 the original of the common cultivated sunflower,) was the only 

 species of this extensive genus occurring at all plentifully west of 

 the Missouri. Lepachijs pinnata, Torr, & Gr., was wholly replaced 

 by L. columnaris, Torr. & Gr., and its variety Tagetes, Gray. It 

 is curious to notice the gradual transition to L. pinnata, as the 

 Red river valley is approached. A number of species of Artemisia 

 were noticed; among others A. tridentata, Nutt. (sage-brush), but 

 not extending eastward much beyond Pyramid Park. Senecio 

 lugens, Rich., var. Hookeri, Eaton, was common everywhere. 

 Species of Hieracium peculiar to the far west were found; also 

 Grindelia squarrosa, Dunal., which extends east into the edge of 

 Minnesota. Troximon cuspidatum, Pursh, common in Minnesota, 

 was replaced by T. glaucian, Nutt.; and Iva xanthiifolia^ Nutt., by 

 /. axillaris^ Pursh. Two species of Gaillardia, G, aristata, Pursh, 

 and an undetermined one, were collected. Antennaria was repre- 

 sented by A. dioica, Gaertn., a rather pretty little plant. 



Aphyllon fascicidatum, Gray, of the order Orobanchacea', was 

 very common on the dry hill-sides, parasitic on the roots of various 

 species of Artemisia. 



Numerous species of Pentstemon and Castilleia made up the 

 bulk of the ScropJmlariacece. 



