198 ANNUAL EEPORT. 



in a very short time and at^ittle expense. A man takes a barrel 

 filled with the composition, and has a pumping apparatus, and 

 drives through the orchard with a stone boat, driving between 

 the rows and stops by the trees, and the spraying is done by 

 means of a hose. The man who drives the team works the 

 pump, and the trees are sprayed very rapidly. It is cheap and 

 effectual. There is no trouble with the insects. In the South, 

 where I have seen this done they treat other fruit in this way, 

 their orange trees, lemons, apricots, and peaches, and I have 

 also seen it applied to olive trees and English walnuts. Gener- 

 ally the walnut takes care of itself. I think the cheapest thing 

 for an emulsion is kerosene oil. You will find a description of 

 the process in the report of the Department of Agriculture for 

 the years 1880 and 1881, and you can find it also in the Bural 

 New Yorker. 



Mr. Gideon. Do they put anything in with the kerosene? 



Gen. Le Due. They put in milk. 



President Smith. They also put in soapsuds. 



Mr. Whipple. I have tried an experiment. I saw a plan 

 recommended in a leading agricultural paper for killing the cur- 

 culio; I told my wife I would test that. It was to take a white 

 sheet and spread under your plum trees and go along at the 

 proper time and jar the trees and the curculio will fall and lie 

 dormant until you could take them oif and burn them. So I 

 went out with a sheet and labored faithfully for an hour or until 

 I got hungry; it worked well. I succeeded in capturing one of 

 the bugs, and I came in and told my wife that I was satisfied that 

 would work. (Laughter.) 



Gen. Le Due. I have captured hundreds of them in that 

 way. 



Mr. Smith. I would inquire if the larvae does not have to go 

 into the ground before it changes ? 



Mr. Harris. I^ot necessarily. The codling moth don't go 

 into the ground. They will change their form under the hoops 

 of an apple barrel, or you will find them in your pantry if you 

 have apples there. 



Mr. Underwood. I would like to ask Mr. Harris if these 

 screens which he recommends for the protection of trees ought 

 not to be taken off in the spring of the year, for fear they might 

 furnish a hiding place for the codling moth, or other insects? 



Mr. Harris. My impression is they ought to be taken off. 

 They will hide there. The codling moth won't get under, but 



