STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 409 



its various changes. Our failures in the past are the result of 

 planting varieties not adapted to this climate. To make a success 

 of the apple we must get our varieties from a climate similar to 

 this in every respect. Our State society realized this important 

 fact years ago, and have succeeded in i^rocuriug varieties that 

 are reliable in this climate, and the fruit is both early and late 

 and of good quality, and if properly handled, on the right kind 

 of soil, they will always stand by you regardless of cold. I 

 speak from knowledge, taking the past winter as a criterion. It 

 will be two years before these varieties can be had in quantities. 

 But you must beware of frauds, for many persons will be selling 

 trees, representing them to be what they are not. 



At the same time we must not forget our hardy varieties. 

 Whitney 'No, 20 has done nobly. The Wealthy, the pride of 

 Minnesota, and without a rival in any state for beauty and good 

 quality, still retains its good standing at the head of the list. 

 There is also Duchess, and when we get a few of our new iron- 

 clad Eussians trotted out there will be no excuse for not growing- 

 apples. The winter has been the hardest on fruit trees we have 

 had for twelve years, and when the facts are known a sad lam 

 entation will be heard in the West and ISTorthwest, and other 

 parts of the country. 



GENERAL DISCUSSION. 



Mr. Pearce further said that we, have some Russian varieties 

 that have been tested both for hardiness and quality of fruit. 

 The fruit is adapted to the coldest climate of Minnesota. They 

 are being cultivated and will probably be ready by another 

 spring. He had examined some of the trees and found them 

 perfect. There are some varieties that seemed to be perfectly 

 adapted to this climate. 



Mr. Gilpatrick. What trees shall we set out this year, and how 

 shall we set them and cultivate them ? 



Mr. Pearce. I can put both hands up and say the Whitney 

 No. 20. 



Mr. Gilpatrick. How about the Wealthy! 



Mr. Pearce. If you have got the soil they will grow right 

 along. It will be found that our Wealthy apple has stood as 

 well here as in any other state of the Union, and we should not 

 discard it. Anyone that has high clay knolls need not hesitate 

 about the Wealthy. We also have a crab that is very valuable, 

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