STATE HORTICULTDEAL SOCIETY. 145 



the Transparent. It is equal to the Early Harvest; it is larger, finer, 

 and always perfect in form and handsomer in appearance, and is con- 

 sidered by eastern consumers as being ahead of any apple in the east. 

 Consumers in New Jersey place it ahead of any apple in the east. 

 Then coming after the Transparent we have other apples, which take 

 the place of the Early Joe and Strawberry apple; the Green Streaked 

 apple, a large apple of the Alexander type and better in quality. I 

 might go through the whole list. There is the White Russet; that 

 will take the place of our old variety. It is an apple that for bearing 

 and beauty, and in the market will fully take the place of the other. 

 I can go through the list, and mention apples which will take the 

 place of those that have failed. It is too late in the day for a man to 

 come out and talk about there being no Russian apples of good quality, 

 or that there are no Russian apples that will keep. We always con- 

 sidered Mr. Peffer's opinion as of a good deal of value, and I am a 

 little surprised that he should take that stand. I have exhibited to 

 Mr. PefiFer some of my Russian apples, knowing that he had been 

 opposed to the Russians; I wanted him to see and examine for him- 

 self. He made that examination and expressed himself as believing 

 that the Russian apples were the apples of the future. 



I trust I have no interest in this matter, beyond the interest of this 

 great Northwest; of course we are growing them. I have been to 

 work at those apples for the last fifteen or twenty years. I have 

 believed (after I heard what there was in Russia, 500 miles beyond 

 Moscow, in a climate more rigorous than Dakota, where they have 

 the most extensive orchards in the world) that from there was to come 

 our fruits for the whole Northwest. We have for forty years been 

 trying to propagate seedlings, and what have we got. We havn't 

 produced a seedling that will compare with the Duchess of Oldenburg. 

 And we may go on, and we will go on for years, and after going on for 

 500 years, I doubt if we will get where Russia stands now. They 

 have a class of fruit such as we cannot grow of American varieties; 

 they have the apple, the pear and the cherry. And I have no doubt 

 that when we have introduced their hardy fruits, that Minnesota 

 will become as good an apple growing State as Michigan or Ohio. 



Mr. Sias. In regard to the Transparents. I came to Minnesota 

 from Western New York. I believe that is considered a good fruit 

 growing country. I think the Early Harvest was considered one of 

 best early varieties they had. And yet they are very much surpassed 

 by some four or five varieties of these so called Transparents. T can- 



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