STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 417 



we have got to solve is, how can we cultivate deeply and save our 

 buds. I have almost arrived at the conclusion that when cultivation 

 stops with the hoe, about the middle of June, to cultivate longer is 

 dangerous to the bud the following winter, should we have a hard 

 one." 



You have foes to your grapes. The fact cannot be disguised that 

 mildew and rot are among you. At least two species of rot and one 

 of mildew I have seen. That is one of the penalties that every fruit 

 grower has to contend with in the raising of fruit. It need not dis- 

 courage you; many have contended with it before. I wish I was able 

 to give a remedy for it; I am not. If you want to see it in its beauty 

 and in its destructiveness, visit New Jersey. 



You have a very encouraging prospect. Your prices are two to 

 three times what ours are on the Concord, and nearly double on the 

 Delaware. With this standing in view, let the mildew and rot deter 

 no man from planting grape or any other fruit. Any man that is 

 deterred from raising sufficient fruit for his own family because of the 

 terrors he has to contend with, is a coward. The whole question of 

 fruit culture resolves into that of the cultivator becoming complete 

 master of his vine or tree. If you will take the poorer land and fertil- 

 ize it as it is best, I think you will have the greatest success. 



DISCUSSION. 



Mr. Pearce inquired if he considered it best to allow fruit eyes to 

 form on the latterals. 



Mr. Rogers. Yes, and no; the whole secret is to get just as short a 

 cane as you can, or just as long a cane with the eyes close together. 

 If you allow ten or twelve fruit eyes to form on the latteral, you have 

 many places to choose from; and if your cane gets very long, it is 

 better to fruit on the latteral than on the cane. 



Mr. N. H. Emmons. Allow me to inquire : Take new vines that 

 have grown ten or twelve feet the first year, how far back would 3'ou 

 cut them for the winter? 



Mr. Rogers. Two or three eyes, sir. 



Mr. Emmons. From the ground? 



Mr. Rogers. From the ground. You have got to have good roots 

 to maintain your vines. It is a mistaken idea to fruit a vine too much 

 until it becomes established the second year; make two prunings of it; 

 you will save time in the future if you do. I may say that in planting 

 an extra one-year-old vine, it is as good if not better, than the two- 

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