51 
Mr. T. BLAND exhibited a specimen of Magnetic Iron in 
the form of a sand from Santa Martha, New Granada, where 
it occurs in large quantities contiguous to means of transpor- 
tation so that if, upon analysis, it were found to be of good 
quality, it could be readily supplied in abundance. 
The President, Dr. J. S. NEWBERRY, made some remarks 
upon this specimen, and said that doubtless it would prove to 
be similar in character and belonging to the same geological 
position as the Magnetic Iron of this country, as existing 
along our Atlantic sea-board. He had received fine specimens 
of Magnetite from the region of the Rocky Mountains where 
it is abundant in what are there known as the “ Black Hills;” 
even being said to constitute whole mountains. At some 
future time, doubtless, these vast deposits will present to the 
manufacturing industry of this continent a source of supply 
for iron of almost inestimable extent. When the West has 
been more fully settled and rail-road communication is more 
extended, then will come a demand for iron which the 
Magnetic beds will amply meet; and this the more surely 
and readily as it is in that region that the vast layers of 
lignite are found which will serve as fuel for the reduction 
of the ores. With regard to the use of this lignite as fuel in 
furnaces, some doubts have been entertained as to its value 
but recent experiments tend to show that it will serve admir- 
ably for that purpose. There is one drawback in connec- 
tion with the use of these Magnetic ores as at present manip- 
ulated and that is that that they are universally accompanied 
by compounds of Titanium, which interferes very materially 
with their employment in the manufacture of steel. 
Dr. I Watz reported that he had examined the Santa 
Martha Magnetite chemicaily and had found that, like the 
United States mineral it contained Titantium. Otherwise it 
was remarkably pure. 
Pror. B. N. Martin exhibited specimens of the, so called, 
“steel ore,” known commonly as the Codorus Ore, from Penn- 
