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a similar association of facts anywhere else. At Payta in 
Peru, Dr. C. F. Winslow discovered an “ Infusorial ” deposit, 
almost identical in character with the Californian one, near 
by are Bitumen springs, and lying off the coast are the Guano 
islands of Lobos, Chincha, Guanape and others; at Natanai, 
Japan, we have extensive “Infusorial ” strata and Bitumen ; 
it is not recorded whether Guano occurs in that quarter. In 
the island of Barbadoes we have “Infusorial” strata, 
Bitumen, and near by the Guano islands of the Carribean sea ; 
and I am informed Guano is abundant on the small islands 
and rocks nearly throughout the West Indian Archipelago. 
In the island of Trinidad we have “Infusorial” strata and 
Bitumen, and of course adjacent Guano. At all of these 
localities volcanic action is evident, but we have some 
localities of Guano without “ Infusorial” strata or Bitumen as 
yet recorded, while we have the celebrated “ Infusorial” strata 
of Virginia, which by a little stretch of the imagination, may 
be supposed to be related in some way to the Petroleum of 
West Virginia and Pennsylvania. In Algeria we have 
“Tnfusorial ” strata and Bitumen, but I never heard of guano 
having been found near by. However, now that attention is 
called to this fact, it is to be hoped that more careful obser- 
vations will be made connected with the subject, and I hereby 
call on all scientists and travelers to do all they can to assist 
in the elucidation of this interesting and important matter. 
From all of these facts and others that I have collected of no 
less importance, derived from chemical and microscopical 
characters, I have come to the conclusion that Guano is not 
the excreta of birds deposited upon the islands and main land 
after its. upheaval, but that it is the result of the accumulation 
of the bodies of animals and plants, for the most part minute 
and belonging to the group which Haeckel has included in 
a new kingdom, separate from the animal as well as the 
vegetable under the name of Protista, and subsequently 
upheaved from the bottom of the ocean. Subsequent chemi- 
cal changes have transformed it into Guano, or heat and 
pressure have so acted upon it, that the organic matter has 
been transformed into Bitumen, while the mineral constituen ts 
