82 SYLVA CRITICA CANADENSIUM. 
The extracts from my article are: 
‘The sense in which this expansion (spectatus) was generally* understood, 
was, that the gladiator to whom the ¢essera was given was ‘tried,’ ‘approved,’ 
and allowed to retire on the specified day of the month in the year indicated 
by the specified consuls. In support of this interpretation the well-known 
verses were cited : 
‘Spectatum satis, et donatum jam rude queris 
Meecenas, iterum antiquo me includere tudo.’ 
Moreelli, De Stilo, i. p. 412, suggested, instead of spectatus, spectawit,+ on the 
authority of an inscription given by Tomasini and Fabretti, in which that word 
appeared on a tessera, in extenso, scil. PILOMVSVS ‘ PERELI: SPECTAVIT. 
The sense in which he understood the word, was, ‘ was a spectator,’ ‘took his 
seat amongst the citizens and looked on.’ He believed that these fessere were 
given to gladiators who had received not only the rudis, but liberty, and that 
they entitled those who had received them to sit amongst the citizens. The 
inscriptions would thus be regarded as stating the date of the first occasion on 
which such gladiators availed themselves of the privilege conferred by the pre- 
sentation of the ¢esserw. Another expansion, spectaculum, has been proposed 
by Gori, Jnscrip. i. 74, but I am unable to conjecture in what sense} he under- 
stood it. Morcelli, who notices this expansion, dismisses the reading with the 
expressive phrase—quod miror. . . . We may now assume that the first 
two syllables of the word are SPECTAT, on the authority of the following 
inscription, on an unquestionably genuine ¢essera, published for the first time 
by Mommsen, || p. 201: 
* Thus Reinesius, Syntag. p. 372, remarks: “ Fulvius Ursinus putabat significari videri, 
quo anno seu consulatu, mense ac die gladiator spectatus, diu multumque in arte versatus, rude sit 
ac tessera eburnea donatus, quibus solutwm se palestree atque arene legibus athletam ostenderet.” 
Amati, Giornale Arcad, 1826, explains spectatus thus: ‘‘ Le picciole taglie quadrilatere di avorte 
or di osso erano visibili docwmenti di morte pe resst gladiatori ad altri recata, e almeno di sangut- 
nosa vittoria ottenuta con atterrar Vavversario.” Tomasini, De tesseris, makes the astonishing 
statement: ‘‘ Hrat autem rudis tessera quedam eburnea, cui nomen gladiatoris etate emeritt 
inscribebatur quam qui accipiebat, is ab omni pugnandi necessitate eximebatur.” It is searcely 
necessary to remark relative to this view, that there is no authority for the notion that the rudis 
was a tessera. 
+ Ursatus, De Notis Romanorwm, remarks : ‘‘ SP. Spectatus, Pignorius, qui, De Servis, seribit 
hance notam que doctos viros hucusque torsit, nihil aliud ‘Significare, quam, spectavit, ut detur 
intelligere, conductos fuisse aliquos, velutt ab editore, gladiatores insignes, rude olim donatos, 
spectandi gratia, non pugnandi.’” Pitiscus, Lexicon, in tessera, Facciolati, Lexicon, in Specto, 
and Orelli, n, 2561, adopt the view of Morcelli. Henzen, n, 6162, seems. to pre er spectatus. Zell, 
Delectus, p. 60, reads spectandus. 
t Muratori, Nov. Thes. p. poxi. n. 2, explains SP. as meaning that the person named informed 
the people that he had given or intended giving a spectaculwm. 
|| The account of this is so interesting that I give the words: ‘“‘Sero reperi in libro ms. 
Lanthelmi Romieu Arelatensis scripto a. 1574, servatoque hodie Lugdwni Bat. inter Voss Germ. 
Gall. Q.1. Legitur ibi f. 88 sic; Ores ie commence icy a fere nention des Epitaphes d’ Arles —— 
« —eten premier lieu ie veux reciter l’escrit memorable, qui se list clairement en une piece 
@ivoire ou plustot de corne de cerf, que i'ay, qui a esté nouvellement trouvée icy a la poincte 
au bord du Rosne, la quelle est si menue et estroicte, qu’elle n’ est pas plus longne, ne plus large, 
que la moytie du petit doigt de ma main, etant percée a l’un des bouts: ou est faite mention de 
Ciceron, et de Caius Antonius,” 
