eel. 
ASIATIC TRIBES OF NORTH AMERICA, 173 
tion (Tinneh) proposed by Messrs. Ross and Gibbs, has been accepted 
by most modern ethnologists. The northern Tinneh form their tribal 
names by affixing to an adjective word or phrase, the word tinneh 
meaning “people,” in its modifications of tinneh, tina or tena, or in 
one group the word kutchin, having the same meaning. The last are 
known as the Kutchin tribes, but so far as our knowledge yet ex- 
tends are not sufficiently differentiated from the otbers to require 
special classification by themselves.” Mr. Dall gives in the Appendix 
to this report a vocabulary of the Yakutats about Mount St. Elias, 
whom he classifies as Koljush or Thlinkeets, but whose language is 
plainly Tinneh. They differ also from the Thlinkeets by the absence 
of the lip-ornament and the totemic system, and by eating the blub- 
ber and flesh of the whale, which the Thlinkeets regard as unclean. 
The word “Tinneh” in its various forms dinnie, dene, dinay, toene, 
tana, ttyannij, tine, tineze, tingi, tenghie, tinday, tinlay, &c., answers 
to the lenni, ilenni, renoes, ililew, irirew, inini, eyinew of the Algon- 
quin, and should be a guide more or less to the affiliation of the 
people so designated. Such a form is not very rare, nor is it, on the 
other hand, very common. Of similar forms in America, as among 
the Nootkans, Algonquins and some non-Tinneh Mexican tribes, I 
need not speak. The Celtic dyn, duine are nearer than any other 
known to me, and the Celtic languages in their non-Aryan features, 
which are few and evidently ingrafted, belong to the Ural-Altaic 
class. In Africa we find such forms as tna, thohn, among Bushmen 
and Hottentots, with iden, dim, &c., in the Niger region. The 
Hebrew adam appears not only in the Semitic area, but also among 
non-Semitic Africans, in the Caucasus, and further east, as a monu- 
ment, perhaps, of Mahomedan Semitic influence. In Polynesia 
forms like tangata, tamata present some resemblance, but I am not 
aware that those who employ these terms, any more than the people 
above mentioned, designate themselves by any such name. It is 
different with the Altaic family with which I have associated the 
Tinneh. The Tungusians call themselves Z’ungus, Donki, and are 
termed Tung-chu by their Chinese neighbours, the former being also 
in several tribes the words for man. Inasmuch as the Mantchu 
dynasty in China is Tungusian, there is every reason to respect the 
Chinese appellation. The Loucheux fenghie, and the Tenan-Kutchin 
tingt, like the Beaver tineze, are our Tungusian tungus and donki. 
Similarly the Tungus akee and the Mantchu cheche are the Umpqua 
