174 ASIATIC TRIBES OF NORTH AMERICA. 
ekhe, and the Tacully chaca, woman. The Tungus tirgani, day, is 
the Koltchane tiljcan ; tog, fire, the Ugalenze takak ; dzsho, house, 
the Kutchin zeh ; okat, river, the Tacully okox ; chukito, belly, the 
Ugalenze kagott ; gal, hand, the Tlatskanai kholaa ; ogot, nose, the 
Navajo hutchih ; amai, father, the Tlatskanai mama; and anya, 
mother, the Kenai anna. In the accompanying vocabulary a com- 
parison is instituted between a collection of Tinneh words derived 
from various sources and part of the material of the Tungusic lan- 
guages furnished by Klaproth. 
The Tinneh languages exhibit their Northern Turanian character 
in the absence of true gender, and the substitution for it of a distine- 
tion between nouns as intelligent @r unintelligent, noble or ignoble, 
animate or inanimate. This it has in common with the Tungus. 
The formation of the plural by affixing an adverb of quantity marks 
equally the Tinneh languages and the Mantchu. The adverb of 
quantity thus employed, which is /au in certain tribes, is like the 
Turkish plural in ler. There is the closest affinity between the 
Tungus and the Tinneh languages in regard to the innumerable 
modifications of the verb to express variety and quality of action 
found in each. Both groups agree in prefixing the pronoun to the 
verb, thus differing from the Ugrian and Turkish order of pronominal 
affixes. Occasionally, however, the temporal index is infixed 
between the pronoun and the verbal root in Tinneh, while, as far as 
known to me, it is final in the Tungusian languages, as it is in 
several tenses of the Tinneh. In Tungus and Tinneh, equally, the 
accusatives precede the verb. The formation of the genitive by 
preposing the noun possessor, followed by the third personal pronoun, 
to the object possessed, characterizes both families. They agree, also, 
in employing post positions only instead of prepositions. The 
Mautchu adjective is generally prefixed to its noun, but in some, 
at least, of the Tinneh dialects it follows. Yet the possessive adjective 
precedes as in Matchu. The above mentioned grammatical relation- 
ships of the Tinneh and Tungus, although far from exhaustive, are 
sufficiently important to give weight to any other evidence linguistic 
or ethnological that may be adduced. 
_ Various writers, generally, however, in seeking to account for the 
origin of the Esquimaux, have referred to the pressure northwards 
and eastwards of Tartar tribes in the fourteenth and previous 
centuries ; and, among the nations whom they supposed the Yakuts 
