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ASIATIC TRIBES OF NORTH AMERICA, 175 
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and other Tartars to have displaced, enumerate the Tungus. This 
is exceedingly probable, and so far agrees with the Tinneh traditions 
reported by Mackenzie and Father Petitot. These state that the 
enemies of the Tinneh, who were very wicked men, dwelt to the west 
of their nation ; that, fleeing from them, they crossed a shallow sea, 
passing from island to island in a bitterly cold climate, and at last 
found the sea to the west of them and their enemies to the east. 
Such traditions plainly indicate the northern Asiatic origin of the 
Tinneh, and, together with their vocabulary and grammar, limit 
them to an original home in the neighborhood of Siberia. Mr. Dall 
and other observers bear testimony to their love of a gipsy, vagabond 
life, which Martin Sauer, in his account of Billing’s expedition, has 
similarly remarked upon in speaking of the Tungus. The latter 
stated in reference to this customary moving continually from place 
to place that the Tungus did so to avoid the contraction of dis- 
agreeable odours; and the traveller Hearne, in his ‘“ Voyage to 
Hudson’s Bay,” mentions a similar dislike to bad smells among the 
Tinneh tribes. In regard to personal appearance nothing can be said 
of stature, for, while some writers describe the Tungus as tall, 
athletic and straight, others speak of them as generally below the 
middle size. The same apparently contradictory statements are 
made regarding the Tinneh, showing that both Tungus and Tinneh 
present much variety in this physical characteristic, although the 
writers on both sides are agreed that neither in the one family nor in 
the other is there any tendency to corpulence. The small eyes, 
high cheekbones, low forehead and coarse black hair of the Tungus 
are alluded to by Santini and Sauer, and identical features are 
ascribed to the Tinneh by Hearne, Mackenzie and later writers. 
Although both peoples are generally in the habit of depilation, it is 
not universal among either the Tungus or the Tinneh. Some of the 
Tungus tribes, such as the Tshapojirs, tat-too their faces after the 
prevailing Siberian fashion with bars or straight lines on the cheeks 
and forehead, and so, according to many authorities, do the 
Chipweyans and other Tinneh tribes. 
The Tungus is inclined to be demonstrative, mirth-loving, com- 
municative, and the contrast in this respect between the undignified, 
fun-making and talkative Athabascan and the reserved, grave and 
silent Cree, his neighbour, has escaped few travellers in the North. 
West. The docility of the Tinneh is a frequent subject of favorable 
