22 



BROOMALL 



The effect of this warping is to produce a modification of 

 the previously assumed trapezoidal cross section, resulting in 

 a shape probably somewhat as shown exaggerated in Figure 8. 



FIGURE 8 



It is interesting to note in passing, that at the ends of a 

 beam under flexure the horizontal shear has a similar effect. 

 Thus, at the right end of the beam, for instance, right handed, 

 unbalanced, horizontal shears exist, having a maximum 

 value at the neutral axis and zero value at top and bottom. 

 The result is that the end of the beam shows a tendency to 

 bend downward. Figure 9. This effect is quite noticeable in 

 many cases. 



FiGUR E 9 



