ETRURIA CAPTA. 155 
chambolin, a player on the tambourine. The three words hister, 
. ludio, an actor or player, and /udus, a play, appear to have been forms 
of hitz, speech, and elhe, discourse, similar to elhatari, a fine talker. 
There is no present form /itztarr. Laena, a woollen cloak, contains 
the Basque idle, wool.” Lanista, which according to Isidore meant 
carnifex in Etruscan, is probably derived from dtzen, to kill. How- 
ever, if it mean gladiator or warrior, it may connect with the Etrus- 
can name for Hercules, which has been read Hercur, Hericthse, but 
which I read Lanetu-chipido and Lanetu-uchimonone ; the essential 
word Lanetu being the Basque lanthu, to work, labour, in allusion 
doubtless to the labours of Hercules. Aesar, a god, should be A‘éor, 
the divine hero of the Basques.” The name of Jupiter on the Etras- 
can paterz, which has been read Tina or Tine, should be read Gowk- 
22 From ille comes ilain, wool merchant. M. Van Eys suggests as its derivation ille egin, to 
make wool, not exactly the werk of a wool merchant. But some such form as ilain may fitly 
have signified in ancient times ‘‘made of wool.” Laena is one of the glosses furnished by 
Festus. 
23 Other glosses I submit with some hesitation. According to Hesychius, Boreas was antas 
in Etruscan. In Basque tipar is the north wind, and aize wind in general. There is a Basque 
verb hant, hantu, with the French signification enfler, but whether enfler is to be taken in the 
signification of blow as well as of puff and swell, I do not know. The Etruscan arse verse is 
made to mean averte ignem. The present Basque word for ‘‘ couvrir le feu” is izark, of which 
the etymology seems unknown. Arse may be an old form of errauts, cinders, the first element 
in which is the verb ere, to burn ; and verse, the original of barreatu, barreatzen, to disperse, 
scatter. The latter word is identical in meaning with the Japanese barasu. Agaletora, which 
Hesychius translates “‘ child,” I take to be not puer, but infans. The word does not exist, so 
far as I know, in modern Basque, but its constituents do. These are the verbal adjective 
ichilla, silent, and tar, now rarely used save as ‘‘ suffixe de l’ethnique,” as in Burgostarra, an 
inhabitant of Burgos. Yet it appears in anai-tar, fraternal, from anai, brother. Ichillatar 
would thus be the exact equivalent of the Latin infans. The Etruscan months, m the general 
character of their names, agree with those of the Basques. Velitanus or Velcitanus, March, 
may correspond with the Basque epailla, the initial e not being radical ; Ampiles, May, is more 
like Ilbeltz, January; Aclus, June may survive in bagwilla, the Basque name of that month, 
but is more like hacilla, November, or ceceilla, February. Coelius, September, has also a form 
like ceceilla. Isaneus, July, is in Basque uztailla ; and Ermius, August, is more like urria, 
October. Druna, a gloss of Hesychius, is made equivalent to the Greek apxyy, which some 
Etruscologists have translated as the Latin principiwm, others as the English “‘ sovereignty.” 
I am disposed to render the Greek by the equally allowable “origin, source,” and to find its 
equivalent in the Basque iturri, source, and jatorri, origin. Balteus, a sword-belt, one of 
Varro’s glosses, is probably a compound of wbal, a strap or belt, abal, habela, asling. M. Van 
Eys says: ‘‘ Est-ce que ubal et abal ne seraient pas des variantes du méme mot dont la signifi- 
cation primitive était courroie?’ Initial vowels in Basque are not necessarily radical. See 
my paper on the Khitan Languages, Proceedings Canad. Inst.; 1884, Vol. II., Fas. 2, p. 163, 
rule 2, a. Falandum (falando, Deecke), coelwm cannot be the sky, which is zeru in Basque, but 
may denote the celestial powers or gods, and be a form of Alindwn, he who has power or 
dominion. Alin instead of al appears in the Hugubine tables and on the cippus of Perusia as 
the word for dominion. Aldun, pwissant, literally ‘‘who has power,” is the modern Basque 
form. The initial f is thus, of course, unaccounted for. It is worthy of note that b, g, d and 
0, letters denied to the Etruscan alphabet, appear in these glosses. 
