156 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. 
ara, and Goukane or Goukain. The latter is an inversion of the 
Basque Jaincoa, the word for god.* The name of Juno, generally » 
read as Thalna, is really Morasa-kara ; the former part of the word 
being the same as the Latin Murcia, wrongly identified with Venus. 
But Cupid is a purely Etruscan word, for the form read Turia is 
really Cupido aurra, or the child Cupid. Maris Turan, so far from 
being the son of Venus, is really miratw uno Cupido raka, probably 
meaning look towards Cupid.” Venus is also an Etruscan word, 
which has been read Pelias, as her son’s name has been read Castur.* 
The first is Banesa aurra no, of the son of Venus, and the second 
uchirano Cupido, the precise meaning of the first part of which is 
hard to determine, as wchi may be utz, hitz, and many other Basque 
words. The name read Menle, Menerva, Menrva, does indeed denote 
the goddess Minerva, but her Etruscan name was Mineka; for these 
words give Mineka-sane, Mineka-netugira, Mineka-tugira. The 
root men, power, is doubtless the chief element in the name. The 
Etruscan title of Vulcan has been read Sethlans. It should be 
nonemosarakano or non ema su rakano. The first three words mean 
who gives fire. Iam in doubt as to the precise meaning of rakano. 
The accidental coincidences Hercur, Castur, Pelias, Menerva, have 
done much to confirm Etruscan students in the application of Roman 
values to the letters of Etruria, and, with the ingenious parallel 
drawn by M. Bréal between the Umbrian and Etruscan tables of the 
Eugubine inscriptions, threatened, for a time, to put an end to my 
own researches. 
THE PHONETIC VALUES OF THE ETRUSCAN CHARACTERS. 
The Etruscan syllabary,” as represented by the sepulchral inscrip- 
tions in Lanzi, is very poor, and it is still more so in the Eugubine 
24 Jaincoa, jinko, jangoiko, is supposed to be derived from jaun, lord, master, and goi-ko, of 
the height. The Etruscan shows rather that the original was goi jaun, the high lord. 
25 This and the accompanying Etruscan names of divinities are taken from the so-called 
paterae, really bronze mirrors, found in Etruscan tombs. See Lanzi, Vol. II., table VL., seq., 
and the Rev. Isaac Taylor’s Etruscan Researches. The latter writer states that maris denotes 
boy, a child of the gods. Thus maris Turan means “the boy of Venus,” and maris Thalna, 
* the boy of Juno.” Now the words read maris Turan, I read miratu uno Kupido raka, which 
may be ‘‘ this one looks towards Cupid.” 
26 See Lanzi, Vol. II., Table VII., Plate 5, where in connection with the figures represented 
appear the words TVDIA and AELIAS. The first has been read Turia, the second Pelias. But 
the first is Kupido aur, and the second Banesa aur no. Also Plate 6 of the same Table has 
KASTVD, generally read Castur. It is hitzrano Kupido. 
27 See page 163. 
