164 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. 
C = chi, che, si, se, zi, ze. Examples: CV chipi, CAE ziren, CA 
zeru. 
D, P, b = to, tu, do, du; but in many cases in the Eugubine tables 
these three characters represent every power of d and t. 
Much as I would like to attach definite values to each of 
them, my knowledge of the relation in which ancient Basque 
or Etruscan stands to modern Basque phonetically, is not 
such at present as to justify me in so doing. See also II. 
E = ne, ni, en, in. Examples: YE gune, ED entu. 
F = ag, eg, ig, gi, ge, but never ga. FE agin, egin, VF begi, FA 
igar. It is possible that begi was originally be-ig. 
H, N = ka, ga generally, but was probably used also for ak, ke, ki, 
ge, gi. Examples: HV gabe, NA kari, now ekarri ; also NED 
now kendu. 
I = ha, he, hi, ho, hu, au, ai, ou, eu, oi, 6, i, hau. Examples: TA 
hiri, aura, dra. The poverty of the Etruscan syllabary multi- 
plies the equivocal to such an extent that the context or 
even a knowledge of the nature of the document in which 
such words occur must decide their value. 
IT = ta, te, ti, da, de, di, at, et, it, ad, ed, id. See above D, P, b. 
This sign is never used for to, tu, do, du. As for ot and ut, 
od and ud, they are represented by IP, Ib. Examples of 
II are OIL emat, ITV debe. 
K = 0s, ots, oz, otz, us, uts, uz, utz, hatz, hitz, hez, hots, huts. It 
is a compound of I and C. In the inscriptions of Asia read 
by Japanese it gives ochi, uchi. As representing two 
syllables, instead of the forms indicated, it frequently, indeed 
generally, should be read osi, utsi, oze, but never osa, otso, 
utsu. Examples: K hitz, KV ospe, VK E behatzen, KDE | 
utziten. 
L—sa, 80, su, za, ZO, 2U, as, az, Sometimes es, ez, but not os, us. It 
may also denote cho, chu, cha, and ja, jo, ju, when these 
sounds pertain to the sibilant series. Examples : LA aari, 
sari, L su, so, LV azpi. 
m —me, mi,em,im. Examples: mA mira, mE imini. See O. 
M. SeeS. 
O =ma, mo, mu, am, om, um. Sometimes it represents what is 
now in Basque em followed by a broad vowel, eman, which 
may originally have been OH mane. There are variant forms 
bigs — 
