172 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. 
inscriptions, generally read as Norse, but which are more Basque 
than the Etruscan, maragogo and orogogo are interchangeable terms.*? 
The second word, non, is unchanged. The compound expression 
orogogo would be regarded as tautological in Modern Basque ; oroz 
by itself denoting remembrance. Sarakwu is a proper name some- 
thing like Sergius. I have already directed attention to wga as an 
old word for mother. It occurs in the composition of many modern 
Basque words, wgatz, breasts, mother’s milk, ugazama, ugazaita, 
ugazalaba, &c.* The pronoun au, hau, is now the demonstrative 
this, but seems to have been originally personal and possessive. The 
have constituted a large proportion of its population. This is an Etruscan inscription in Latin 
characters, and reads: 
saratukukaura * noratuukara chiraukarau agiusaura 
zarratu egoki harri Noratuika ra Zerua sortze egihatz aur 
engraved suitable stone Noratuika to Zerua nata scratches child 
I have read the final | of CAINAI as L, perhaps without warrant. Noratuukara may be 
Noratu uga ra, to mother Noratu. 
Fabretti 857. LARTHIA - OTANIS 
saratukuka ura makurakauno 
zarratu egoki harri Makurakau no 
engraved suitable stone Makurakau of 
Or it may be that the name is simply Maku, and rako ono signifies “‘well esteem.” In any 
case LARTHIA, written in this latter inscription with antique A forms, common in Celt Iberian, 
is a perfectly Etruscan or Basque formula. Latin sepulchral inscriptions should contain some 
formula, if only the letters DM. Such a formula is almost invariably found in the Etruscan 
inscriptions as I have read them. 
41 For specimens of Pictish inscriptions, see the Ist volume of Manx Antiquities, published 
by the Manx Society, facing pages 12 and 23. I take that opposite p. 12, as being the most 
perfect. It reads from right to left: j 
ma u sa neu pi ku'ne ra ma‘ku u sa go ra‘ba go sa‘ag ne sa tu'ma ra ka ku‘u ba ma u sa ka’pi 
u bau ku kara tu 
mai zuen obeko ne erama koi Sagora bagosa aginza da maragogo obi mai so ka Piubauku zarratu 
The tablet which you regard brings (to) me the beloved Sagora, the departed. Offered is a 
memorial the grave tablet by the sight (of) Piuba wkw writes. 
It is possible that the word I have read in some Pictish inscriptions as oregogo may be mara- 
gogo, for the character ma, a short line terminating in a ball, or a larger line traversing the 
ball perpendicularly, is very liable to injury, and may have been incorrectly represented in 
copies of the inscriptions as |. These inscriptions have been read as Norse, although it is 
allowed that the elegantly carved crosses upon which they appear are without parallel as 
Norse works of art. The Isle of Man was a seat of education in very ancient Celtic days, very 
long before Norsemen were heard of, and the civilization to which that education belonged 
must have been Iberian or Pictish. See G. Buchanan, Rerum Scoticarum Historia, Lib. IV., 
Cap. XVIII. The Irish annalists represent the Isle of Man as a region of magic and mystery, 
the usual tribute paid to science in dark ages. They also connect its population with the 
aboriginal, pre-Celtic, population of the British Isles. 
42 Uga, mother. My attention has been called to the fact that the compounds seem to con- 
vey the idea of step-relation rather than of maternity. Such an idea cannot be contained in 
ugatz, breasts, mother’s milk. The Etruscans, like the Lycians and the American Khitan, 
reckoned descent in the female line. So must the ancient Basques have done. Hence the 
a 
