ETRURIA CAPTA. 211 
wrongly read Tuder, which was an Umbrian city and Celtic, as its 
very name denotes, even to the student of English history. 
317. LADCE - LADNI - CALEILADOI - MVDYVEONEI 
zaratuchine zaratukau chiras aneu zaratumai nopitukupinemakaneu 
zarratu zein zarratukio Chirasaneu zarratu mai Nepete jabe ne ema ganio 
writing which write he does Chirasanio written table Nepete of lord 
to give pertains. 1 
This does not look like an epitaph, but rather a communication of 
some kind. in zeiz we have the interrogative, but as zena it is rela- 
tive. The Basques even now like to be known not by their family 
name but by that of their house or land, be it a hovel or a garden 
patch. The lord of Nepete, however, was the chief man of no mean 
city. 
The next is instructive as presenting Kupiku with the dative 
sign, and ganio instead of sortze, showing that ganio may signify 
“belong to.” 
109. EL - LAPCANA : LO: YVYINEI 
ansa zaratu Chirakara asma Kupikuu kanio 
antsa zarratu Chirakara asma Kupikoi ganio . 
keeps writing Chirakara of sign Kupiku to he belongs! 
eta ae Von EN AY “Oe  Y VISN V- 
YNAL 
so kunekuukara agi kupinokapi 
kukarasa 
so Gunekoi ekara age Kupinogabeku sortze 
behold Gunekoi it bears ; behold Kupinogabeku natus 
104 Fabretti reads 317 very differently : 
LADCE -: LADNI : CALE LA[A]DOI - MVDMEONEI 
zaratuchine zaratukau chirasane zara(ra)tumau nopitunonemokaneu 
zarratu zein zarratu kio Chirasa ne zarratu mai Nopitu non ema kanio 
writing which write he does Chirasa to written tablet Nopitu who give to him did 
I have given a literal translation, but the sense is far from clear. Nopitu may not be Nepete, 
if this be the true text. I have rendered kanio as ‘‘he to him did,” following the analogy of 
hau, nau, dio, zayo, including pronominal auxiliaries. It is thus a compound of the regular 
termination of the impertect kian and o. 
105 Fabretti’s reading of 109 is: 
Hi MUAPCANA - iLO YVY¥ ** * i 
agi so zaratu chirakara asia kupiku——sa 
ezi so zarratu jar ekara (dakar) asma Kupiku 
look writing attention brings indication Kupiku 
The lack of three characters leaves the sense to seek. For the first, so egi would be more in 
accordance with modern usage. The verb ekarri, in the 3 sing. pres. indic., would be dakar. 
As I have elsewhere indicated, the initial d of such verbs is notrecognized in Etruscan. 
