ETRURIA CAPTA. 239 
6. AFILSL - ECA: CEAEN - YVOIV: OVI : ILVYEFP - BESNI ™ 
raagusanogo nechira chinebaneka kupimaupi mapigo ugopikuneagit 
ulnenokau 
irago atso nagi ni che ra zein bane ka Kupima obe mopigo ogoi bakan egit 
alin no kio 
passes age idle myself to who joining by Kupima lord twice 20 alone 
exercise authority of does. 
i MmVLEENT - EO - YVCI : AM: APS 
mipisa agin kau nema kupichiu rami artuno 
imbesa agin kio ne ema jabetzio artu no 
messenger command he does me to give to rule 
receiving of 
Reverse. 
1. MLAOAN - CALVSC - ECNIA - AFIL - MIMENICAC? 
misaramaraka chiraspinochi nechikaura raagusa miuminekauchirachi 
misa erama rako jarritza banuche anzeko hiri irago atso imini kio 
jarritze 
monument bringing towards request I did self like cities passing age 
little place he does attention. 
chiu arsa erama, or in Basque sei urte derama, six years to bear. The subject is Kupima ; 
the double object, Goumimami and men zahako zari, in apposition. 
151 Line 6. irago atso nagi: I read SL nogo as the Basque nai, idle, but in the good sense of 
the Japanese nagu, Choctaw nukchito, calm, quiet. The verb must be in the 3 sing. pres. ind. 
without sign. 
ni che ra zein baneka: zein is the subject of irago, the rest being an adverbial clause. One 
would expect to find Goumimami speaking of Kupima joining the younger man to himself in 
authority. On the contrary, he says: ‘‘ who, by uniting to myself, passes a quiet old age.” 
In bane we have the shorter form of banetu, Basque batu, followed by the postposition ka. 
mopigo ogot bakan egit alin no kio: mopigo is the Etruscan twice, from mopi, two. The final 
go answers the purpose of the Basque etan. In bekwne we have already found the Etruscan 
equivalent of the Basque bakar and Japanese bakari. The verb egin becomes egit as in egiten, 
and finds its auxiliary at the end of the sentence. Also, differently from the alin egi ka of line 
2, alin takes the postposition no, of. 
152 Line 7. imbesa agin kio: imbesa is formed like lanesa and zekesa of the Cippus. It 
means, a messenger, and is probably the original of the word embassy. Here the word may 
denote an officer of the Confederacy : see Reverse, line 3. There is no distinction in Etruscan 
between egin and agin, both of which are represented by FE. The context determines that the 
verb here is agin. 
ni ema jabetzio rami artu no: instead of ni one would expect no, as eman governs the dative. 
The word jabetzio is a form of jabetu, to rule or command. It is in form like ichpichio of the 
Cippus. The following rami is an enigma. The same characters AM in the Eugubine Tables 
frequently give the Etruscan equivalent of the Basque irrin, division, showing that the Basque 
here as elsewhere has changed final m to n. The sense of the passage rather favours the idea 
that, having shared the authority for six years, Goumimami was now to rule alone. In one of 
the bilingual Lycian inscriptions I find ramira, translated by the Greek panta. This would 
connect it with arrunt, rather than with irrin. The Basque arrunt means commonly, but 
also ‘‘all without exception,” and thus answers to the Japanese arem ashi, in the main, generally. 
The verb artu is in the genitive to ema. 
153 Reverse : 
Line 1. misa erama rako: for misa, see Front, line 4. 
