THE ESKIMO RACE AND LANGUAGE. 269 



by the natives to the Europeans, on account of the latter wearing a 

 cap or hat, coverincr their foreheads down to the eyebrows. But L. 

 P. PeicheP says " the Eskimo of Labrador " designate the rest of 

 mankind as kablunait, i.e , infei-ior beings, calling themselves, Innuit 

 (men). Dr. Brinton'-' referring to^ C. F. HalP says, the tirst men 

 created were called Kaudluna (from the root kato, white etc.), and 

 this word seems to be the same as the general appellation bestowed 

 by the Eskimo upon Europeans. Besides the general term of 

 ' Kahluiia,' various descriptive and picturesque epithets are, in difler- 

 ent localities, bestowed upon white meu by the Eskimo. Thus in 

 Greenland the Danes are termed Ukissut (the winterers)* ; at Pt. 

 Barrow^ the crew of the ' Plover' were termed " Shakenatanagmeun" 

 (people from under the sun), or emakh-lin (sea-men), but more fre- 

 quently nelluang-meu7i (unknown people). The Eskimo of the 

 Mackenzie'^ term the Hare Indians, whom they hold in great con- 

 tempt, Nouga (spittle). These Eskimo also call the Indians of the 

 Loucheux Tribe, ipkrelirk, pluial irkrelit (nits, larves de poux), those 

 of the Rocky Mountains they call Kublaw-Kutchin, and those of the 

 Youkon irkrelearuit? The people of Pt. Barrow call the Kutchin 

 Indians It-Kudling ; the southern Innuit call the Indians Inkalit ; 

 according to Mr. Murdoch,^ the Pt. Barrow Eskimo term the Red 

 Indian (who has become a fabulous being) It-Kudlinq, (the Ingalik of 

 Norton Sound) meaning " son of a nit," evidently the erkilek of 

 " Greenland legend ; " all these terms are probably the same as the 

 Tchiglit " irkrelit," cited above. 



The question of the origin and migration of the Eskimo race has 

 been much discussed, especially of late years. Such is the resem- 

 blance thought to exist in physical features, between the Eskimo and 

 Mongol tribes of North-eastern Asia that the majority of writers upon 

 the subject have been content to regard the former as but a compar- 

 atively late offshoot of the latter. Such was the opinion advanced by 



1. Eskimo of Morav. Missions in Labrador. (In Hind's Exped. into Inter, of Labrador 1863, 

 app. vii., p. 295. 



2. Myths of the New World, p. 195, Note. 



3. Arctic Res., p. 556; cp. Crantz, i. 188. 



4. Rink, Dan. Greenld. p. 402. 



5. Richardson, Polar Reg. p. 300. 



6. Hind, loc. cit. p. 258 ; cp. Richardson, Arctic Seirch. Exped., p. 209. 



7. Petitot, loc. cit., p. 43. 



8. Amer. Natnralist, Jul 1886, p. 599. 



