THE ESKIMO RACE AND LANGUAGE. 271 



Abbot,^ Aurel Krause,^ and others share this view. Dr. Abbot ^ as a 

 result of an examination of the flint implements found by him in the 

 glacial drift of the Delaware near Trenton, concludes that it is "easy 

 to realize that the Eskimo at one time dwelt as far south as New 

 Jersey." Nathaniel Holmes* views the theory with favour, and 

 A. S. Packard^ after an investigation of the literary and other 

 sources of information upon the subject of the former southward 

 extension of the Eskimo, thinks it " not improbable that the Es- 

 kimo, ])eihaps the remains of the Palaeolithic people of Europe 

 formerly extended as far as a I'egion defined by the edge of the great 

 moraine ; and as the climate assumed its present features moved 

 northward. They were also possibly pushed north by the Indians 

 who may have exterminated them from the coast south of the mouth 

 of the St. Lawrence, the race being acclimatized to the Arctic regions." 

 Aug. R. Grote ^ considers that the Eskimo are " the existing repre- 

 sentatives of the men of the American glacial epoch." M. le Dr. A. 

 Bordier^ says "tout porte done a croire que les Esquimaux sont 

 descendus a une certaine epoque jusqu' h, Terre-Neuve, et sans doute 

 merae beaucoup plus bas." 



Something regarding the .southward range of the Eskimo in 

 former times might be gained from the accounts of the early 

 Norse voyagers to America, were it not that such great differ- 

 ence of opinion exists as to the direction and extent of their ex- 

 plorations. Rafn who brought together in his great work ^ the 

 various old Norse sources of information, was of opinion that Hellu- 

 land was Newfoundland, Markland Nova Scotia, and Vinland, .some- 

 where in the region of the present Rhode Island. Some have even 

 claimed that Vinland lay as far south as Virginia.^ A. J. Weise ^° says 

 that all the old maps of Greenland shew Helluland, Markland and 

 Vinland as regions of that country, and in this opinion he thinks 



1. Rep. of Peabody Museum II. p. 254. 



2. Verh. d. Berl. Ges. f. Anthro. Ethn. u. Urgeseh., 1886, p. .'i29. 



3. Peabody Museum Report, ii. 1876-8, p. 253. 



4. Distrib. of Hum. Race, Trans. St. Louis Acad, of Sci. March 23, 1873, p. i. 



5. Notes on Labrador Eskimo, Am. Nat. 1885, p. 265, 395. 



6. On the Peopling: of America, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., 1877, Vol. 3, p. 181. 



7. Les Esquim. du Jardin d'Acclimat. ii Paris, Mem. Soc. d'Anthr. de Paris, 2e. Serie, vol. ii., 



p. 430, cp. Rink, Tales and Trad. p. 11, Dan. Gd. p. 13. Cf. R. G. Latham, Colonial 

 Ethnology, 1851, p. 151 ; and Man and his Migrations, p. 124. 



8. Antiquitates Americanae. Hafniae 1837, cp. Richardson, Arctic Search, Exped., p. 210. 



9. Cp. Brinton Myths of New World, p. 214. 



10. Discoveries of America to 1525, 1884, p. 421, p. 38. 



