120 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. 



As for affinity consequent upon either lawful or unlawful sexual 

 relations, it was Kimpl}^ ignored. Nay, I shouM say that it was rather 

 considered a powerful incentive to marriage, except when the regula- 

 tions of the clan organization interfered so as to make the two relatives 

 fellow clansmen. Thus it was, that in the case of a deceased brother's 

 wife, the Penes treated her conformably with the directions of the 

 Jewish law, and the nephew considered himself in duty bound to 

 esj>ouse her. 



It would be difficult to give here a complete table of agnates and 

 cognates as named and ranked by the four Tribes under review, some 

 of whom receive different names according as they are called by a 

 male oi' female, or i-elatively to their comparative age. I shall, how- 

 ever, confine myself to a few remarks embodying the more character- 

 istic peculiarities in their mode of reckoning kindi-ed relationship. 



P A large proportion of our Denes never go beyond the second 

 degree in computing their progenitors or offspring, whether in a dii'ect 

 or collateral line, and in no instance do they go beyond the third 

 degree — more distant relatives in either line being then called respec- 

 tively grand-father and grand-mother if ascendants, or grand-children 

 if descendants. 



2" Gi-and-uncles and grand-aunts both maternal and paternal are 

 also called grand-father and grand-mother. 



3° Although they possess and sometimes use words meaning 

 brother or sister without any reference to their relative age, they 

 more generally designate them elder brother and elder sister, or 

 younger l)rother and younger sister. 



4"^ A son is called sye by liis fatliei- and syaz by his mother who 

 also calls her daughter syatse, while her father when referring to her^ 

 always uses stse. 



5° Both nephews and nieces are called stsfl by their maternal uncle 

 and skwaz by their maternal aunt, while either pateinal uncle or aunt 

 will call their nephew younger brother and their niece younger sister. 



'These and the following Aboriginal terms are in the Carrier dialect. This not lieing a 

 philoloaical paper, I have deemed it superfluous to have them accompanied with their Chilhxotin 

 and Sekanais etc., equivalents. 



